Before Induction of Anaesthesia

Reduce peri-operative death with the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist - 1st step.

About

Overview
The implementation of this checklist may have the potential to reduce complications, including death, during hospitalization within the first 30 days after surgery.

It is used at 3 key transitions in care:

  • Before anesthesia is given
  • Immediately prior to incision
  • Before the patient is taken out of the operating room

The Checklist is not intended to be comprehensive. Additions and modifications to fit local practice are encouraged.

Tap here to watch a video showing how to use this checklist

Tap here to watch a video showing how NOT to use this checklist

About this Checklist
Published online in the New England Journal of Medicine on January 14, 2009, this study written by Haynes et al sought to address the problem of surgical complications.

They used a simple approach by implementing a 19-item surgical safety checklist designed to improve team communication and consistency of care. This was a multicentre, multinational, prospective study with a geographically and economically diverse population.  Data was prospectively collected data from 3733 consecutively enrolled patients, then after the introduction of the Surgical Safety Checklist, they collected data on 3955 subsequent prospective patients. The primary end point was the rate of complications, including death, during hospitalization within the first 30 days after the operation. Enrollment was limited to patients greater than 16 years of age undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Results of Implementation

  • The rate of death was 1.5% before and 0.8% after the checklist was introduced (P=0.003).
  • Inpatient complications occurred in 11.0% of patients before, and 7.0% after the introduction of the checklist (P<0.001).
  • The rates of surgical site infection and unplanned reoperation also decreased (p<0.05).

References

Haynes AB, Weiser TG, Berry WR, Lipsitz SR, Breizat AH, Dellinger EP, Herbosa T, Joseph S, Kibatala PL, Lapitan MC, Merry AF, Moorthy K, Reznick RK, Taylor B, Gawande AA.

New England Journal of Medicine 2009 January 29, 360 (5): 491-9

The Before Induction of Anaesthesia calculator is created by QxMD.

By using this site you acknowledge that you have read, understand, and agree to be bound by our terms of use and privacy policy. All content and tools are for educational use only, are not meant to be a substitute for professional advice and should not be used for medical diagnosis and/or medical treatment.

1. Have you confirmed patient identity?

0/10 completed