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Imperial
ECG: Heart Rate
Cardiology, Emergency
Glomerulosclerosis on Biopsy (2015)
Nephrology
• Differentiate glomerulosclerosis from kidney disease rather than aging
ROKS - Recurrence Of Kidney Stone (2014)
Nephrology, Urology
• Predict risk of recurrent kidney stones
Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Malignancy Risk
Respirology
A-a Gradient
Emergency, Respirology, Critical Care
• Used to determine cause of hypoxemia
ABCD² Score
Neurology / Neurosurgery, Geriatrics
• Guide admission in TIA based on ABCD² Score
Access Recirculation
Nephrology
Infarct Size - Anterior
Cardiology, Emergency
Infarct Size - Inferior
Cardiology, Emergency
Anion Gap
Emergency, Nephrology
• Calculate anion gap for use in acid-base disorders.
APACHE II
Nephrology, Gastroenterology, Critical Care, Anesthesiology
• Estimate mortality in the critically ill
APGAR
Emergency, Pediatrics
• Newborn assessment
AR: Quantification (Volumetric)
Cardiology
AR: Regurgitant Orifice (PISA)
Cardiology
AS: Aortic Valve Area (Cont)
Cardiology
• Estimate aortic valve area
AS: Aortic Valve Area (DVI)
Cardiology
• Estimate aortic valve area
AS: Aortic Valve Area (Gorlin)
Cardiology
• Estimate aortic valve area
AS: Aortic Valve Area (Hakki)
Cardiology
• Estimate aortic valve area
Autoimmune Hepatitis Diagnosis
Gastroenterology
• Clarify the diagnose of autoimmune hepatitis
AVM Rupture Risk
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Surgery in Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis
Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery
• Assess timing of surgery in severe, asymptomatic aortic stenosis
PCI mortality - Canada Score
Cardiology
Bishop Score
Obstetrics
• Predict whether induction of labor will be required.
Blatchford Score
Gastroenterology
• Assess if intervention is required for acute upper GI bleeding.
Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation: OBRI
Cardiology
• The Outpatient Bleeding Risk Index (OBRI) estimates risk of bleeding in AF while on oral anticoagulation.
BMI and BSA (Mosteller)
General Calculators, Hematology, Oncology, Anesthesiology
• Calculate BMI and Body Surface Area using Mosteller formula
BODE Index for COPD
Respirology
• Estimate prognosis in COPD
BMI and BSA (Du Bois)
General Calculators, Hematology, Oncology, Anesthesiology
• Determine body mass index and body surface area using Du Bois method
Pretest Probablity of CAD
Cardiology
Canadian CT Head Rule
Emergency, Neurology / Neurosurgery, Orthopedics, Surgery, Medical Imaging
• Determine which minor head injury patients need head CT imaging
Canadian C-Spine Rule
Emergency, Neurology / Neurosurgery, Orthopedics, Medical Imaging
• Determine whether cervical spine imaging can be safely avoided
HEART Score | Chest pain in the ER
Cardiology, Emergency
• Risk stratify patients with chest pain in the ER
BC Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Score
Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery
• Predict mortality after cardiac surgery based on preoperative and intraoperative variables assessed at admission to a cardiac surgery ICU
ACC/AHA CV Risk Calculator (2013)
Cardiology, Preventive Medicine, Anesthesiology, Geriatrics
• Estimate 10-year risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
CHADS2 Score for AF
Cardiology, Emergency, Neurology / Neurosurgery, Geriatrics
• Assess risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation
CHA2DS2-VASc Score for AF
Cardiology, Emergency, Neurology / Neurosurgery, Geriatrics
• Replacement for CHADS2 for stroke prediction in atrial fibrillation
Framingham CHF Criteria
Cardiology
Child Pugh Score
Emergency, Infectious Disease, Gastroenterology, Critical Care
• Determine severity of cirrhosis.
CMML Prognostic Scoring Systems (from Spain and Dusseldorf)
Hematology, Oncology
• Assess risk of progression to AML and early mortality in CMML
Contrast Nephropathy Post-PCI
Nephrology, Critical Care
• Estimate risk of AKI after percutaneous coronary intervention
ECG: Corrected QT
Cardiology, Emergency
Corticosteroid Equivalence
Respirology
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure
Neurology / Neurosurgery, Critical Care
CrCl Cockroft-Gault
Nephrology
CrCl from 24h Urine
Nephrology
• Calculate creatinine clearance from a 24h urine collection.
CRUSADE Score for Post-MI Bleeding Risk
Cardiology
• Estimate bleeding risk after NSTEMI.
CT Severity Index (Pancreatitis)
Gastroenterology, Medical Imaging
• Predict complication and mortality rate in pancreatitis, based on CT findings (Balthazar score)
Dialysis Risk After Cardiac Surgery (Cleveland Clinic Score by Thakar)
Cardiology, Nephrology, Cardiac Surgery, Critical Care
• Estimate risk of dialysis after cardiac surgery.
ECG: Cycle Length
Cardiology, Emergency
Dialysis Risk After Cardiac Surgery (Mehta)
Cardiology, Nephrology, Cardiac Surgery, Critical Care
• Estimate the risk of dialysis after cardiac surgery (Mehta model)
Discriminant Function (Alcoholic Hepatitis)
Gastroenterology
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Prognosis (R-IPI)
Hematology, Oncology
• Determine prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Dubbo Osteoporotic Fracture Risk
Endocrinology, Geriatrics
• Assess risk of osteoporotic fracture
Duke Criteria for Endocarditis
Cardiology, Infectious Disease
• Diagnose endocarditis
Duke Treadmill Score
Cardiology
DVT Clinical Probability (Well's)
Emergency, Urology, Respirology, Hematology, Orthopedics, Critical Care, Medical Imaging
• Determine pretest probability of DVT to guide workup
Syncope - EGSYS Score
Cardiology, Geriatrics
• Which patients with syncope should be admitted?
Ejection Fraction (Simplified)
Cardiology
Emory Model (TIPSS)
Gastroenterology
Ethmoid Sinus Carcinoma
Oncology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Ethmoid Sinus Carcinoma
Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma
Oncology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma
Lund-Mackay Sinusitis Stage
Infectious Disease, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• Assess severity of chronic rhinosinusitis and assess response to therapy.
Maxillary Sinus Carcinoma
Oncology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Maxillary Sinus Carcinoma
Mucosal Melanoma
Oncology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Oncology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Oral Cavity Carcinoma
Oncology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Oral Cavity Carcinoma
Oropharyngeal Carcinoma
Oncology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Oropharyngeal Carcinoma
Salivary Gland Carcinoma
Oncology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Salivary Gland Carcinoma
Thyroid Carcinoma: Anaplastic
Oncology, Endocrinology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
Thyroid Carcinoma: Medullary
Oncology, Endocrinology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Thyroid Carcinoma: Well-Differentiated
Oncology, Endocrinology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Well-Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Respirology
• Screen for excessive sleepiness or follow response to treatment for a sleep disorder.
Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI)
Emergency, Urology, Respirology, Hematology, Orthopedics, Critical Care
• Predict outcome in patients with pulmonary embolism
Exercise Capacity (METs)
Cardiology
SAH Fisher Grade
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Follicular Lymphoma prognosis
Hematology, Oncology
• Determine prognosis in follicular lymphoma (FLIPI)
Forrester HF Class
Cardiology
Forrest Classification
Gastroenterology
• Estimate risk of re-bleeding post-endoscopy for upper GI bleeding.
Fosphenytoin Load
Neurology / Neurosurgery
FOUR Score
Neurology / Neurosurgery, Critical Care
Fractional Shortening
Cardiology
Fractional Excretion of Sodium
Emergency, Nephrology, Critical Care
• Differentiate pre-renal AKI from ATN.
Fractional Excretion of Urea
Nephrology, Critical Care
• Identify a pre-renal state in patients using diuretics
Lipid Lowering Guidelines using Framingham (2008)
Endocrinology
Lipid Lowering Guidelines using Framingham (ATP-III)
Endocrinology
Mortality in IPF (GAP Index)
Respirology
• Estimate mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Neurology / Neurosurgery, Surgery, Critical Care, Anesthesiology
• Document level of consciousness.
Renal Graft Failure at 5-Years, Predicted 1 Year Post Transplant
Nephrology, Transplant
• Estimate the risk of kidney transplant graft failure at 5 years
Renal Graft Failure at 5-Years, Predicted 7 Days Post Transplant
Nephrology, Transplant
• Estimate the risk of kidney transplant graft failure at 5 years
Renal Graft Failure at 5-Years, Predicted at Time of Transplant
Nephrology, Transplant
• Estimate the risk of kidney transplant graft failure at 5 years
Acute GVHD Grading
Hematology, Oncology
• Determine severity in acute graft versus host disease.
Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation: HAS-BLED Score
Cardiology, Geriatrics
• Understand the risk of bleeding from anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation
Hodgkin's Disease | Prognosis
Hematology, Oncology
• Estimate prognosis in Hodgkin's disease.
Hematopoietic cell transplantation - specific comorbidity index (HCT-CI)
Hematology, Oncology
MDS Revised - International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R)
Hematology, Oncology
• Assess mortality and progression to acute myeloid leukemia in myelodysplastic syndrome
Hemodynamics (Echo)
Cardiology
Cardiac Output - Fick
Cardiology, Critical Care, Anesthesiology
• Calculate cardiac output, cardiac index, stroke volume and stroke volume index
Henderson-Hasselbalch
Nephrology
HIT 4T's score
Hematology, Cardiac Surgery
• Diagnose heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
Hodgkin's Marrow Involvement
Hematology, Oncology
• Estimate likelihood of bone marrow involvement in Hodgkin's lymphoma.
SAH Hunt & Hess Scale
Neurology / Neurosurgery
ICH FUNC Score
Neurology / Neurosurgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
• Predict likelihood of functional independence after intracranial hemorrhage
ICH Score
Neurology / Neurosurgery
• Estimate mortality after intracerebral hemorrhage
ICH Volume
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Metabolic Syndrome (IDF)
Cardiology
In-flight PaO₂ (based on ABG)
Respirology
In-flight PaO₂ (ABG & PFT)
Respirology
MDS Intnl Prognostic Scoring Sys (IPSS)
Hematology, Oncology
Multiple Myeloma Prognosis (ISS)
Hematology, Oncology
Kidney Failure Risk Equation (8 Variable)
Nephrology
• Estimate risk of progression to end-stage renal disease in CKD patients using 8 variables.
Killip Class
Cardiology, Emergency, Critical Care
• Estimate mortality in myocardial infarction
Kt/V from PRU
Nephrology
Kt/V Daugirdas
Nephrology
Laryngeal Carcinoma: Glottic
Oncology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Glottic Laryngeal Carcinoma
Laryngeal Carcinoma: Subglottic
Oncology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Glottic Laryngeal Carcinoma
Laryngeal Carcinoma: Supraglottic
Oncology, Otolaryngology (ENT)
• TNM Staging for Supraglottic Laryngeal Carcinoma
Left Atrial Systolic Pressure
Cardiology
LV/RV Contractility (dp/dt)
Cardiology
MASCC Febrile Neutropenia Risk
Infectious Disease, Hematology, Oncology
• Assess risk in febrile neutropenia and appropriateness for outpatient management
6-Month Mortality on HD
Nephrology
• Estimate 6 month mortality on dialysis using the Cohen model
Home HD Candidacy (MATCH-D)
Nephrology
• Assess candidacy for home hemodialysis
PD Candidacy (MATCH-D)
Nephrology
• Assess candidacy for peritoneal dialysis
Mayo Quadratic eGFR
Nephrology
PCI complication - Mayo
Cardiology
MDRD eGFR
Emergency, Nephrology
• Calculate eGFR using the MDRD formula
MDRD eGFR (6 Variable)
Nephrology
MDS Anemia - EPO/GCSF Response
Hematology, Oncology
• Identify those with MDS likely to respond to stem-cell factors.
MDS WHO Classification-based Prognostic Scoring System (WPSS)
Hematology, Oncology
• Estimate survival and risk of transformation to AML in myelodysplastic syndrome.
Prognosis after TIPSS using MELD Score
Emergency, Infectious Disease, Gastroenterology
Prognosis in Alcoholic Hepatitis
Gastroenterology
• Estimates prognosis in alcoholic hepatitis using the MELD score
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D or HDRS)
Mental Health, Geriatrics
• Determine severity of depression
SNAP-IV 26 - Teacher & Parent Rating Scale
Pediatrics, Mental Health
• Assess children for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
MGUS Prognosis
Hematology, Oncology, Geriatrics
• Determine risk of malignant progression to myleoma or lymphoproliferative disorder.
MIPI - Mantle Cell Lymphoma Prognosis
Hematology, Oncology
• Estimate prognosis in mantle cell lymphoma.
Modified Bernoulli Equation
Cardiology
Modified Fisher Scale
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Modified Rankin Scale (mRS)
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Modified Strep Score
Otolaryngology (ENT)
MR: Quantification (PISA)
Cardiology
MR: Quantification (Volumetric)
Cardiology
MS: Wilkins' Echo Score
Cardiology
MS: Mitral Valve Area (Cont)
Cardiology
MS: Mitral Valve Area (Gorlin)
Cardiology
MS: Mitral Valve Area (PHT)
Cardiology
MS: Mitral Valve Area (PISA)
Cardiology
MS: Mitral Valve Area (Hakki)
Cardiology
Myocardial Performance Index (CO and ET)
Cardiology
Myocardial Performance Index (IVRT and IVCT)
Cardiology
Nasal Cannula FiO₂ Estimation
Respirology
NEXUS C-Spine Criteria
Emergency, Neurology / Neurosurgery, Orthopedics, Surgery, Medical Imaging
• Determine whether cervical spine imaging can be safely avoided
NSCLC Stage
Respirology, Oncology
TIMI Risk Score (NSTEMI)
Cardiology, Emergency, Critical Care
• Guide therapeutic decisions in non-ST elevation MI.
Carboplatin AUC Dosing (Calvert)
Oncology
Prognosis in Renal Cell Carcinoma (UISS)
Urology, Oncology
• Estimate survival in renal cell carcinoma
Osmolal Gap
Emergency, Nephrology
• Detect unmeasured osmoles, such as toxic alcohols
Ottawa Ankle Rules
Emergency, Orthopedics, Medical Imaging
• Does this ankle injury require an x-ray?
Ottawa Knee Rules
Emergency, Orthopedics, Surgery, Medical Imaging
• Does this knee injury require an x-ray?
PaO₂:FiO₂ Ratio
Respirology
Parkland Formula
Emergency, Surgery, Critical Care
• Manage IV fluids required in burns
PCI mortality - Michigan
Cardiology
PCWP (Echo)
Cardiology
PE Clinical Probability
Emergency, Urology, Respirology, Hematology, Orthopedics, Critical Care, Medical Imaging
• Determine pretest probability of PE to guide workup
Peak Expiratory Flow Prediction
Emergency, Respirology
Pediatric Endotracheal Tube Size
Emergency, Pediatrics, Anesthesiology
Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale
Emergency, Neurology / Neurosurgery, Pediatrics
Pediatric Strep Score
Emergency, Infectious Disease, Pediatrics
PELD Score - Age Younger Than 12 years
Emergency, Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Transplant
• PELD (Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease) is used for liver allocation in the OPTN match system
Disability Rating Scale (DRS)
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS)
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel Staging System (NPUAP)
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
DIPSS Prognosis in Myelofibrosis
Hematology, Oncology
• Estimate prognosis in myelofibrosis.
Pneumonia risk (CURB-65)
Emergency, Respirology, Infectious Disease, Critical Care, Geriatrics
• Estimate prognosis and determine disposition in community-acquired pneumonia.
Pulmonary Resistance
Cardiology, Critical Care
Ranson's Criteria
Emergency, Gastroenterology, Critical Care
• Estimate mortality in patients with pancreatitis.
Rate Pressure Product
Cardiology
Reynolds CAD Risk
Cardiology
Alcoholism - Risk of Relapse
Gastroenterology
Alcohol Relapse Risk after Liver Transplant
Gastroenterology, Transplant
Revised Cardiac Risk Index (Lee Criteria)
Cardiology, Anesthesiology
• Rapid pre-op assessment using the Revised Cardiac Risk Index
Adult Onset Still's Disease, Diagnostic Criteria
Rheumatology
• Diagnose Adult Onset Still's Disease.
Simplified Disease Activity Index for RA (SDAI)
Rheumatology
• Assess disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis.
Membranous Prognosis
Nephrology
• Estimate risk of progressive renal dysfunction in membranous nephropathy
Rockall Score
Gastroenterology
• Estimate risk of mortality after endoscopy for GI bleed.
RV Systolic Pressure (TR Jet)
Cardiology
Modified SAD PERSONS Scale
Emergency, Mental Health
• Assess depression with the modified SAD PERSONS Scale
Seattle Heart Failure Model
Cardiology
Shunt Fraction (Echo)
Cardiology
Shunt Fraction (Invasive)
Cardiology, Critical Care
Smoldering Multiple Myeloma Prognosis
Hematology, Oncology
• Determine risk of progression to symptomatic multiple myeloma.
Spetzler-Martin Score
Neurology / Neurosurgery
TIMI Risk Score (STEMI)
Cardiology, Emergency, Critical Care
Stevenson HF Class
Cardiology
Systemic Vascular Resistance
Cardiology, Critical Care
t-PA Dosing in Acute Stroke
Neurology / Neurosurgery
TICI Score
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Transtubular K Gradient
Nephrology
• Workup hypokalemia and hyperkalemia
Percent Reduction of Urea
Nephrology
VALIANT Heart Failure Risk Score
Cardiology
Asymptomatic ICA (Internal Carotid Artery) Stenosis Surgical Risk Stratification
Cardiology, Neurology / Neurosurgery, Vascular Surgery, Anesthesiology
Warfarin Bleeding Risk - Elderly
Cardiology, Geriatrics
• Estimate 90 day risk of bleeding in patients on warfarin who are >65 years
Water Deficit in Hypernatremia
Emergency, Nephrology, Geriatrics
• Determine water replacement in hypernatremia
Westley Croup Score
Emergency, Infectious Disease, Pediatrics
• Assess croup severity
WFNS SAH Scale
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Before Induction of Anaesthesia
Urology, Vascular Surgery, Surgery
• Reduce peri-operative death with the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist - 1st step.
Before Patient Leaves OR
Urology, Vascular Surgery, Surgery
• Last step in the surgical safety checklist
Before Skin Incision
Urology, Vascular Surgery, Surgery
• 2nd step in the surgical safety checklist
Membrane Transport Type
Residual Kidney Function
Residual Urea Clearance
Volume of Distribution of Urea
Nephrology
Patient Characteristics?
PD Prescription
• Generate a personalized peritoneal dialysis prescription
Sponsored
FINDRISC Diabetes Risk Calculator
Endocrinology
• Estimate risk of developing diabetes and frequency of screening required.
Due Date by LMP
Obstetrics, Medical Imaging, Anesthesiology
• Pregnancy due date calculator
Due Date by Ultrasound
Obstetrics, Medical Imaging, Anesthesiology
• Determine pregnancy due date using ultrasound results
Gestational Age
Obstetrics, Medical Imaging
Gupta Perioperative Cardiac Risk
Cardiology, Urology, Surgery, Anesthesiology, Transplant
• Determine peri-operative risk for a wide array of surgeries.
Ideal Body Weight
General Calculators
Phenytoin Adjustment in Renal Failure
Nephrology, Neurology / Neurosurgery
Pneumonia Severity Index (PORT Score)
Respirology, Infectious Disease, Critical Care, Geriatrics
• Determine need for admission in pneumonia
Serum Ascites to Albumin Gradient (SAAG)
Gastroenterology
• Determine if ascites due to portal hypertension.
Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS)
Orthopedics, Surgery
• Assess limb-salvage potential in trauma to the extremity.
eGFR using CKD-EPI
Nephrology, Geriatrics
• Calculate eGFR using the CKD-EPI formula
Framingham Risk Score (2008)
Cardiology
Framingham Risk Score (ATP-III)
Cardiology
• Determine lipid treatment using Framingham Risk Score
Recognize Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Nephrology, Neurology / Neurosurgery, Hematology
Sponsored Content
Identify Type of Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Nephrology, Neurology / Neurosurgery, Hematology
Sponsored Content
Postoperative Respiratory Failure Risk Calculator
Urology, Respirology, Obstetrics, Orthopedics, Otolaryngology (ENT), Surgery, Critical Care, Anesthesiology, Transplant
• Estimate risk of postoperative respiratory failure
GRACE
Cardiology, Emergency, Critical Care
• The GRACE ACS risk calculator estimates risk of death following acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
Calcium Correction for Hypoalbuminemia
Nephrology, Endocrinology
• Adjust serum calcium in the setting of low albumin.
Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)
Nephrology, Cardiac Surgery, Critical Care, Anesthesiology
• Document clinical severity in the ICU and predict mortality
Alvarado Score for Acute Appendicitis
Emergency, Surgery
• Diagnose appendicitis
CIWA-Ar
Emergency, Mental Health, Critical Care
• Optimize benzodiazepine treatment of patients alcohol withdrawal
Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)
Mental Health, Geriatrics
• Screening tool to assist in identifying major depressive disorder
DRAGON Score for Post-TPA Stroke Outcome
Neurology / Neurosurgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
• The DRAGON Score predicts outcome at 3 months in ischemic stroke patients receiving tPA.
NIH Stroke Scale/Score (NIHSS)
Neurology / Neurosurgery
• NIH Stroke Scale provides an assessment for stroke severity.
SLICC SLE Criteria
Rheumatology
• The SLICC criteria are validated criteria for making the diagnosis of lupus.
DAS28-CRP for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatology
• Assess disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis.
DAS28-ESR for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatology
• Assess disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis.
Geriatric Depression Scale
Mental Health, Geriatrics
• A questionnaire to screen for depression in geriatric populations
Jones Criteria for Diagnosis of Rheumatic Fever
Cardiology, Infectious Disease, Rheumatology
• Diagnose acute rheumatic fever
Clinical Disease Activity Index for RA (CDAI)
Rheumatology
• Assess disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis, without requiring lab work.
Surgical Apgar Score
Vascular Surgery, Surgery
• Assess surgical risk of complications or death at 30 days, as assessed in the post-operative period.
Schwartz Pediatric Bedside eGFR (2009)
Nephrology
• The revised "bedside" pediatric eGFR requires only serum creatinine and height.
Schwartz Pediatric eGFR, Full Model (2009)
Nephrology
• The full Schwartz pediatric eGFR calculation requires height, serum creatinine, cystatin C, blood urea nitrogen and gender.
VSGNE Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (RAAA) Risk Score
Emergency, Vascular Surgery, Anesthesiology
• Estimate mortality after open repair of ruptured AAA
Euroscore II
Cardiac Surgery
• Estimate risk of in-hospital death after cardiac surgery.
3-Month Mortality in Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Nephrology, Geriatrics
• Estimate the risk of early death (at 3 months) in elderly patients starting dialysis.
Pre-test probability of CAD (CAD consortium)
Cardiology, Emergency, Anesthesiology
• Determine pre-test probability of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain.
ASDAS-CRP (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score)
Rheumatology
• Assess disease activity in Ankylosing Spondylitis.
ASDAS-ESR (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score)
Rheumatology
• Assess disease activity in Ankylosing Spondylitis.
Predicting 3 Year Survival for Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Nephrology, Geriatrics, Transplant
• Determine appropriateness for transplant referral in elderly patients starting dialysis
Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Prognosis (IPI24)
Hematology, Oncology
• Determine prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Aortic Stenosis Risk Score
Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery
• Estimate risk of cardiovascular events in patients with aortic stenosis
Ottawa SAH Inclusion & Exclusion
Ottawa SAH Rule
Emergency, Neurology / Neurosurgery
• Use the Ottawa SAH Rule to rule out subarachnoid hemorrhage
BASDAI
Rheumatology
• Assess disease activity in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Vasculitis Damage Index (VDI)
Rheumatology
• Document any organ damage that has occurred in patients since the onset of vasculitis
HCM Risk-SCD
Cardiology
• Assess risk of sudden cardiac death and need for ICD in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Kidney Failure Risk Equation (4 Variable)
Nephrology
• Estimate risk of progression to end-stage renal disease in CKD patients using age, sex, eGFR and proteinuria with KFRE
Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Prognosis (NCCN-IPI)
Hematology, Oncology
• Estimate prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
CAM-ICU
Neurology / Neurosurgery, Critical Care
• Diagnose delirium in the intensive care unit.
The Richmond Agitation Sedation Score (RASS)
Neurology / Neurosurgery, Critical Care
• Assess level of consciousness in the intensive care unit.
Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation: ATRIA
Cardiology
• Estimate bleeding risk for patients on warfarin.
DIPSS Plus Score for Prognosis in Myelofibrosis
Hematology, Oncology
• Estimate prognosis in myelofibrosis.
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Carotid Endarterectomy
Cardiology, Vascular Surgery, Anesthesiology
• Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after carotid endarterectomy
GAD-7 Anxiety Scale
Mental Health, Geriatrics
• Screen for generalized anxiety disorder
Polymyalgia Rheumatica (2012 EULAR/ACR Provisional Criteria)
Rheumatology, Geriatrics
• Review EULAR/ACR criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica
Scleroderma/Systemic Sclerosis (2013 EULAR/ACR Criteria)
Rheumatology
• Review EULAR/ACR criteria for scleroderma
San Francisco Syncope Rule
Cardiology, Geriatrics
• Identify those at low risk of adverse outcome after a syncopal episode
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | EVAR
Cardiology, Vascular Surgery, Anesthesiology
• Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after EVAR
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Infra-inguinal Bypass
Cardiology, Vascular Surgery, Anesthesiology
• Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after infra-inguinal bypass
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Open AAA Repair
Cardiology, Vascular Surgery, Anesthesiology
• Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after open AAA repair
VQI: Respiratory Adverse Event Risk Post Vascular Surgery
Respirology, Vascular Surgery, Anesthesiology
• Estimate the risk of pneumonia or respiratory failure after vascular surgery
FIB-4 for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Hepatic Fibrosis
Gastroenterology
• Non-invasively identify hepatic fibrosis
APRI (AST to Platelet Ratio Index)
Gastroenterology
• Assess likelihood of fibrosis or cirrhosis non-invasively using AST and platelet count.
PERC Rule for Pulmonary Embolism
Emergency, Urology, Respirology, Hematology, Medical Imaging
• Use the PERC rule to rule out PE if no criteria are present and pre-test probability is <15%.
RPDAI (Relapsing Polychondritis Disease Activity Index)
Cardiology, Rheumatology
• Assess disease activity in relapsing polychondritis.
Revised Venous Clinical Severity Score
Vascular Surgery
• Assess severity of venous disease.
BISAP Score
Gastroenterology, Critical Care
• Estimate disease severity in acute pancreatitis.
SLEDAI-2K
Nephrology, Rheumatology
• Assess disease activity in lupus
SLICC/ACR Damage Index
Rheumatology
• Measure accumulated damage since onset of lupus
Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI)
Gastroenterology, Surgery
• Assess disease activity in Crohn's disease
International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS)
Urology, Geriatrics
• Assess severity of symptoms in benign prostatic hypertrophy
Mayo Early Screen for Discharge Planning
Medical Administration
• Identify patients needing specialized discharge planning services
Mayo Score for Ulcerative Colitis Activity
Gastroenterology, Surgery
• Assess disease activity in ulcerative colitis
NAFLD Fibrosis Score
Gastroenterology
• Reduce the need for liver biopsy by identifying patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease likely or unlikely to have advanced fibrosis
Dialysis Duration Needed for Methanol Ingestion
Nephrology
• Estimate dialysis duration required for methanol poisoning
Dialysis Duration Needed for Ethylene Glycol Ingestion
Nephrology
• Estimate dialysis duration required for ethylene glycol poisoning
Total Body Water (Watson Formula)
Nephrology
NEXUS Chest Decision Instrument for Blunt Chest Trauma
Surgery, Medical Imaging
• Assess the need for chest imaging after blunt trauma
Chronic Kidney Disease Management: BC Guidelines
Nephrology
• Primary care management of CKD
Supported by Shared Care Committee of BC
HOSPITAL Score
Medical Administration
• Determine risk of avoidable hospital readmission
Multiple Myeloma Prognosis (R-ISS)
Hematology, Oncology
• Revised international staging system for myeloma
Injury Severity Score
Emergency, Orthopedics, Surgery
• Describe severity of traumatic injury
Brain Metastases Prognostic Index
Oncology
• Estimate prognosis in patients with brain metastases using the graded prognostic assessment
MELD Score - Age above 12 years
Infectious Disease, Gastroenterology, Transplant
• Scoring system used to rank prioritize candidates for liver transplantation, including MELD-Na used in the OPTN match system
Corrected Sodium in Hyperglycemia
Nephrology
• As used in the new MELD score, to correct Na in the setting of hyperglycemia
Pediatric Renal Angina Index
Nephrology, Critical Care
• Predict acute kidney injury in critically ill children
STARRT-AKI Enrollment Criteria
Nephrology, Critical Care
• Determine if patients meet criteria for the STARRT-AKI study.
Serious Illness Conversation Guide
Oncology, Critical Care
• Steps to elicit important information from your patients about their goals and values
Kinetic eGFR (KeGFR)
Nephrology, Critical Care
• Estimate GFR when creatinine is changing acutely (either rising or falling)
PIM2
Nephrology, Pediatrics, Critical Care
• Paediatric Index of Mortality, revised version
Base Excess
Nephrology
• Used in assessing acid-base status
Serious Renal Dysfunction Post-PCI
Nephrology, Critical Care
• Assess risk of dialysis or severe increase in creatinine after PCI
DAPT Score
Cardiology
• Which patients should remain on dual anti-platelet therapy 1 year following coronary stent treatment?
PCDAI
Pediatrics, Gastroenterology
• Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index
CLL-IPI
Hematology, Oncology
• The International Prognostic Index for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Modified Marshall Score
Gastroenterology, Surgery
• A definition of organ failure in acute pancreatitis
International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5)
Urology
• Assess erectile dysfunction
CRRT Dosing Calculator
Nephrology, Critical Care
• Calculate desired dose of dialysate in CRRT
Modified Glasgow Imrie Severity Criteria for Acute Pancreatitis
Emergency, Gastroenterology, Surgery, Critical Care
• Predict outcome in acute pancreatitis
Canadian Syncope Risk Score (CSRS)
Cardiology, Emergency
• Estimate prognosis among patients presenting to emergency with syncope
Expected spleen size
Hematology, Medical Imaging
• Provides upper limit of normal for spleen length and volume by ultrasound relative to body height and gender.
NCDR AKI and Dialysis Risk after PCI
Cardiology, Nephrology
• Estimate risk of AKI and dialysis after PCI
Mayo ADPKD Prognostic Tool using Total Kidney Volume
Nephrology
• Estimate risk of progression in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Sponsored
Padua Prediction Score for Risk of VTE
Hematology
• Estimate risk of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) 30-Day Stroke Risk Index for CEA
Neurology / Neurosurgery, Vascular Surgery, Anesthesiology
• Estimate risk of stroke within 30 days after carotid endarterectomy
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) 1-Year Mortality Risk Index for CEA
Neurology / Neurosurgery, Vascular Surgery, Anesthesiology
• Estimate probability of death within 1 year after carotid endarterectomy
MDS Revised - International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) Non-Age Adjusted
Hematology, Oncology
• Assess mortality and progression to acute myeloid leukemia in myelodysplastic syndrome using the non-age adjusted model
Sponsored
Recognise Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Nephrology, Neurology / Neurosurgery, Hematology
Sponsored by Alexion Pharma UK
Identify Type of Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Nephrology, Neurology / Neurosurgery, Hematology
Sponsored by Alexion Pharma UK
Alcohol Relapse Risk after Liver Transplant
Gastroenterology, Transplant
MELD Score - Age above 12 years
Infectious Disease, Gastroenterology, Transplant
• Scoring system used to rank prioritize candidates for liver transplantation, including MELD-Na used in the OPTN match system
PELD Score - Age Younger Than 12 years
Emergency, Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Transplant
• PELD (Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease) is used for liver allocation in the OPTN match system
Predicting 3 Year Survival for Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Nephrology, Geriatrics, Transplant
• Determine appropriateness for transplant referral in elderly patients starting dialysis
Renal Graft Failure at 5-Years, Predicted 1 Year Post Transplant
Nephrology, Transplant
• Estimate the risk of kidney transplant graft failure at 5 years
Renal Graft Failure at 5-Years, Predicted 7 Days Post Transplant
Nephrology, Transplant
• Estimate the risk of kidney transplant graft failure at 5 years
Renal Graft Failure at 5-Years, Predicted at Time of Transplant
Nephrology, Transplant
• Estimate the risk of kidney transplant graft failure at 5 years
Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test-geriatric version The SMAST-G
Mental Health, Geriatrics
• Assess for problem alcohol drinking in the elderly
CNS International Prognostic Index in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (CNS-IPI)
Hematology, Oncology
• Estimate risk of CNS relapse/progression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
MALT Lymphoma prognosis (MALT-IPI)
Hematology, Oncology
• Estimate prognosis in MALT lymphoma
Khorana risk score
Hematology, Oncology
• Estimate risk of chemotherapy-associated thrombosis
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Suprainguinal Bypass
Cardiology, Vascular Surgery, Anesthesiology
• Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after suprainguinal bypass
PORT score for PeriOperative Risk of blood Transfusion in cardiac surgery by ACTA
Hematology, Cardiac Surgery, Anesthesiology
• Predict risk of blood transfusion after elective cardiac surgery using the ACTA-PORT score
PROPKD Score
Nephrology
• Predict renal survival in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) using genetics
Sponsored
MIDAS (Migraine Disability Assessment)
Neurology / Neurosurgery
• Measure level of disability in patients with migraines
Mayo ADPKD Prognostic Tool using Kidney Dimensions
Nephrology
• Estimate risk of progression in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Sponsored
UKELD Score
Gastroenterology, Critical Care, Transplant
• The United Kingdom Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (UKELD) predicts prognosis in chronic liver disease and can be used to prioritize for liver transplantation
Predicting 6 and 12 Month Mortality in CKD patients
Nephrology
• Estimate mortality in patients with stage IV or V chronic kidney disease.
Geriatric-Sensitive Perioperative Cardiac Risk Index | GSCRI
Cardiology, Urology, Surgery, Anesthesiology, Geriatrics
• Estimate risk of perioperative myocardial infarction or cardiac arrest in patients over 65
Vancomycin Dosing Based on eGFR (creatinine-cystatin C)
Nephrology, Infectious Disease
• Select an appropriate initial dose and interval for vancomycin taking into account renal function using cystatin C & creatinine
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) Criteria
Neurology / Neurosurgery
• Diagnose neuromyelitis optica
Advanced CKD after AKI Risk Index
Nephrology
• Estimate risk of advanced chronic kidney disease after acute kidney injury
Mayo AKI Risk after Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Nephrology, Orthopedics
• Estimate perioperative risk of acute kidney injury
ROSIER scale
Emergency, Neurology / Neurosurgery
• Determine which patients are likely to have true stroke vs stroke mimics
Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2)
Mental Health
• Ultra-brief screening for depressive disorders
ADviSED - Aortic Dissection Detection Risk Score Plus D-Dimer for Aortic Syndromes
Cardiology, Emergency, Cardiac Surgery, Vascular Surgery
• Rule out aortic dissection and other aortic syndromes
Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15)
Mental Health
• Somatic Symptom Severity Scale
Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS)
Emergency, Critical Care
• Identify patients who are at risk of clinical deterioration and who may require a higher level of care.
PHASES Score
Neurology / Neurosurgery
• Predict risk of rupture for asymptomatic intracranial aneurysms
Seizure vs Syncope
Neurology / Neurosurgery
• Determine which patients are likely to have seizure versus syncope as the cause of loss of consciousness
BMI and BSA (Mosteller)
• Calculate BMI and Body Surface Area using Mosteller formula
Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale (ASRM)
Mental Health
• 5 question scale to screen and stage severity of hypomania/mania
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C)
General Calculators, Mental Health, Addiction Medicine
• Brief screen to detecting heavy alcohol use
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)
Mental Health
• 11 question scale to grade the severity of mania
Urine Anion Gap or Urine Net Charge
Nephrology, Gastroenterology
• Use urine electrolytes to differentiate renal tubular acidosis from diarrhea-induced non-anion gap metabolic acidosis
Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS)
Mental Health
• 10 question scale to grade severity of obsessive–compulsive disorder symptoms
Florida Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (FOCI)
Mental Health
• 5 question screener for obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD)
Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis
Neurology / Neurosurgery
• Diagnose Relapsing-Remitting MS using the 2017 McDonald Criteria
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
Emergency
• Calculate MAP
Smith-Modified Sgarbossa’s Criteria for MI in Left Bundle Branch Block
Emergency
• Diagnose acute MI in patients with known LBBB
Mayo ADPKD Prognostic Tool using Kidney Dimensions
Nephrology
• Estimate risk of progression in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease using kidney dimensions
Sponsored
Mayo ADPKD Prognostic Tool using Total Kidney Volume
Nephrology
• Estimate risk of progression in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease using total kidney volume
Sponsored
Alberta Croup Severity
Emergency, Infectious Disease, Pediatrics
House Brackmann
Otolaryngology (ENT)
NYHA Functional Class
Cardiology
Bellucci Classification
Otolaryngology (ENT)
KDIGO AKI Staging
Nephrology, Critical Care
• Classification in acute kidney injury (AKI)
Terms of Use and Privacy Policy
Anterior Dermatome Map
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Blood on MRI
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Rule of Nines
Emergency, Critical Care
• Estimate surface area of burns
Head and Neck Dermatome Map
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Posterior Dermatome Map
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Top View Dermatome Map
Neurology / Neurosurgery
Terms of Use - Web
Spiriva Global
REFERENCE BOOK
CSN PD Adequacy Guidelines and Recommendations 2011
Maintenance of RRF
Measurement of RRF
Use of Antihypertensive Agents and Diuretis to Preserve RRF
Small-Solute Clearance
Prescription and Targets
Volume Management
Maintenance of Euvolemia and Diagnosis of Hypervolemia
Treatment of Hypervolemia
Assessment and Management of BP
Management of CV Disease in PD Patients
Dyslipidemia
Nutrition in PD
Nutrition
Nutritional Supplements
Correction of Impared Anabolism, Acidosis, and Gastroparesis
Management of Hyperglycemia
Glycemic Control
Glucose-Sparing Strategies
Introduction
Overview
Methods and Process for Guideline Development
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Maintenance of RRF
Measurement of RRF
Overview
Use of Antihypertensive Agents and Diuretics to Preserve RRF
Overview
Background
Research
Overview
Small-Solute Clearance
Prescriptions and Targets
Overview
Background
Volume Management
Maintenance of Euvolemia and Diagnosis of Hypervolemia
Overview
Background
Treatment of Hypervolemia
Overview
Background
Assessment and Management of BP
Overview
Background
Management of CV Disease in PD Patients
Dyslipidemia
Overview
Background
Coronary Artery Disease/Chronic Heart Failure
Overview
Research
Overview
Nutrition in PD
Nutrition
Overview
Background
Nutritional Supplements
Overview
Background
Correction of Impaired Anabolism, Acidosis, and Gastroparesis
Overview
Background
Research
Overview
Management of Hyperglycemia
Glycemic Control
Overview
Background
Glucose-Sparing Strategies
Overview
Background
Disclosures
References
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Breast Cancer | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinical Recommendation - Summary
Clinical Recommendation - Complete (CMAJ)
link ⇲
Clinician CBE BSE Recommendation
Systematic Review
link ⇲
Tools/Resources
Patient Algorithm
link ⇲
Patient FAQ
link ⇲
Risks vs Benefits: For ages 40-49
link ⇲
Risks vs Benefits: For ages 50-69
link ⇲
Risks vs Benefits: For ages 70-74
link ⇲
Informational Video
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Cervical Cancer | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinical Recommendation - Summary
Clinical Recommendation - Complete (CMAJ)
link ⇲
Systematic Review
link ⇲
Tools/Resources
Clinician Algorithm
link ⇲
Clinician FAQ
link ⇲
Patient Algorithm
link ⇲
Patient FAQ
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Hypertension | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Recommendations (PDF)
link ⇲
Systematic Review
link ⇲
Tools/Resources
Clinician Algorithm (PDF)
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Type 2 Diabetes | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Recommendations (CMAJ)
link ⇲
Systematic Review
link ⇲
Tools/Resources
FINDRISC Diabetes Risk Calculator
Clinician FAQ
link ⇲
Patient FAQ
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury
AKI Definition
Prevention and Treatment of AKI
Contrast-induced AKI
Dialysis Interventions for Treatment of AKI
Introduction and Methodology
Introduction
Introduction
Glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine
Oliguria and anuria
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN)
ARF
RIFLE criteria
AKI: acute kidney injury/impairment
Validation studies using RIFLE
Limitations to current definitions for AKI
Rationale for a guideline on AKI
Summary
Methodology
Introduction
Group member selection and meeting process
Evidence selection, appraisal, and presentation
Outcome selection judgments, values, and preferences
Grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations
SPONSORSHIP
DISCLAIMER
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
AKI Definition
Definition and classification of AKI
Introduction
Definition of AKI
Staging AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Risk assessment
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Evaluation and general management of patients with and at risk for AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research recommendations
Supplementary material
Clinical applications
Introduction
Examples of application of AKI definitions
Estimating baseline SCr
Examples of application of AKI stages
Urine output vs. SCr
Timeframe for diagnosis and staging
Clinical judgment
Pseudo-AKI
Atypical AKI
Supplementary material
Diagnostic approach to alterations in kidney function and structure
Definitions of AKI, CKD and AKD
GFR and SCr
GFR/SCr algorithm
Oliguria as a measure of kidney function
Kidney damage
Small kidneys as a marker of kidney damage
Integrated approach to AKI, AKD, and CKD
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary material
Prevention and Treatment of AKI
Hemodynamic monitoring and support for prevention and management of AKI
Introduction
Fluids: Recommendations and Rationale
Albumin vs. Saline
Hydroxyethylstarch vs. Saline
Vasopressors: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocolized Hemodynamic Management: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocolized hemodynamic management strategies in septic shock
Goal-directed therapy for hemodynamic support during the perioperative period in high-risk surgical patients
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
General supportive management of patients with AKI, including management of complications
Overview
Glycemic control and nutritional support
Glycemic control in critical illness: Recommendations and Rationale
Nutritional aspects in the prevention and treatment of critically ill patients with AKI
Total Energy Intake: Recommendations and Rationale
Protein Intake: Recommendations and Rationale
Nutrition route: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatrics Considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
The use of diuretics in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Mannitol
Research Recommendations
Vasodilator therapy: dopamine, fenoldopam, and natriuretic peptides
Dopamine for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Fenoldopam for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Natriuretic peptides for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Growth factor intervention
Recombinant Human (rh) IGF-1: Recommendations and Rationale
Erythropoietin
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Adenosine receptor antagonists
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Prevention of aminoglycoside- and amphotericin-related AKI
Aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity
Treatment of Infections: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients with Normal Kidney Function in Steady State: Recommendations and Rationale
When Treatment with Multiple Daily Dosing is Used for More than 24 Hours: Recommendations and Rationale
When Treatment with Single-Daily Dosing is Used for More than 48 Hours: Recommendations and Rationale
Topical or Local Applications of Aminoglycosides: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Amphotericin B nephrotoxicity: Recommendations and Rationale
Treatment of Systemic Mycoses or Parasitic Infections: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Other methods of prevention of AKI in the critically ill
On-pump vs. off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
N-ACETYLCYSTEINE (NAC): Recommendations and Rationale
NAC in critically ill patients: Recommendations and Rationale
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary Material
Contrast-induced AKI
Contrast-induced AKI: definition, epidemiology, and prognosis
Background
Recommendations and Rationale
Epidemiology of CI-AKI
Prognosis of CI-AKI
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Assessment of the population at risk for CI-AKI
Recommendations and Rationale
Risk-factor questionnaire
Urinary protein screening
Other risk factors of CI-AKI
Risk models of CI-AKI
Patients at Increased Risk for CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Nephrotoxicity of Gd chelates
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)
Supplementary Material
Nonpharmacological prevention strategies of CI-AKI
Introduction
Dose/Volume of Contrast-Media Administration: Recommendations and Rationale
Route of administration of contrast media
Research Recommendations
Selection of a Contrast Agent: Recommendations and Rationale
High-osmolar vs. iso-osmolar or low-osmolar contrast media
Low-osmolar vs. iso-osmolar contrast media
i.a. Iodixanol vs. ioxaglate
i.v. Administration
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Pharmacological prevention strategies of CI-AKI
Fluid Administration: Recommendations and Rationale
Use of oral fluids alone in patients at increased risk of CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Role of nac in the prevention of CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Theophylline: Recommendations and Rationale
Fenoldopam: Recommendations and Rationale
Statins in the prevention of CI-AKI
Supplementary Material
Effects of hemodialysis or hemofiltration
Recommendations and Rationale
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary material
Dialysis Interventions for Treatment of AKI
Timing of renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Criteria for stopping renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
When to discontinue RRT: Recommendations and Rationale
Use of diuretics: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Anticoagulation
Introduction
How to decide to use anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients without an increased bleeding risk or impaired coagulation and not already receiving effective systemic anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients with increased bleeding risk who are not receiving anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
In patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Vascular access for renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Uncuffed nontunneled dialysis catheter vs a tunneled catheter: Recommendations and Rationale
When choosing a vein for insertion of a dialysis catheter in patients with AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Using ultrasound guidance for dialysis catheter insertion: Recommendations and Rationale
Obtaining a chest radiograph promptly after placement and before first use of an internal jugular or subclavian dialysis catheter: Recommendations and Rationale
Topical antibiotics: Recommendations and Rationale
Antibiotic locks: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Dialyzer membranes for renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Modality of renal replacement therapy for patients with AKI
Introduction
Complementary therapies in AKI patients: Recommendations and Rationale
Hemodynamically unstable patients: Recommendations and Rationale
AKI patients with acute brain injury or other causes of increased intracranial pressure or generalized brain edema: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocols for decreasing hemodynamic instability with intermittent RRT
Peritoneal dialysis
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Buffer solutions for renal replacement therapy in patients with AKI
Introduction
Buffer solution: Recommendations and Rationale
Dialysis fluids and replacement fluids in patients with AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Dose of renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Dosing: Recommendations and Rationale
Kt/V and Effluent Volume Rates: Recommendations and Rationale
Additional considerations
Research Recommendations
Sponsorship
Dislcaimer
Supplementary material
Organization and Acknowledgements
Notice
Work Group Membership
KDIGO Board Members
Reference Keys
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Abstract
Foreword
Biographic and Disclosure Information
Acknowledgments
References
REFERENCE BOOK
Tobacco Smoking in Children and Adolescents | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinical Recommendations
Clinical Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Colorectal Cancer | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Recommendations Table
Clinician Summary
Clinical Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Cognitive Impairment | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician FAQ
Clinical Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Depression | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician Algorithm & FAQ
Clinician Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Developmental Delay | CTFPHC
Review Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care guideline on screening for developmental delay
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician FAQ
Clinical Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Lung Cancer | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician FAQ
1000-Person Tool
Clinician Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Obesity in Adults | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician FAQ
Clinician Algorithm - Calculator
Clinician Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Obesity in Children | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician Recommendation Table
Clinician Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Pelvic Exam | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Recommendations - Full (Annals of Internal Medicine)
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Prostate Cancer | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Prostate Cancer Infographic
1000-Person Tool
Patient FAQ
Clinician Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CTFPHC Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening Video
link ⇲
Mike Evans Screening Video
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Hepatitis C | CTFPHC
Review Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care guideline on Hepatitis C screening
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician FAQ
Clinician Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
ADPKD Canadian Expert Consensus
Sponsored
Key Messages
Introduction
Genetic Testing in ADPKD
Renal Imaging in ADPKD
Predicting Renal Progression
Methods to Predict Renal Progression
Predicting Progression with the PROPKD Score
Predicting Progression with Genetic Scoring
Predicting Progression with the Mayo Classification
Treatment Options for ADPKD
Non-targeted Options for ADPKD
ADPKD-Specific Treatment Options
References
PROPKD Calculator
Mayo ADPKD Prognostic Tool using Total Kidney Volume
Mayo ADPKD Prognostic Tool using Kidney Dimensions
REFERENCE BOOK
PD Prescription Quick Reference Guide
Sponsored
PD Prescription
Body Surface Area
Volume Distribution of Urea
Membrane Transport Type
Residual Kidney Function
Disclaimer & Background
Adequacy and Ultrafiltration Goals
Volume of Distribution of Urea
PET Calculations
Assessment for Initial Prescription
Preliminary Assessment of Drain Volume
Individualizing Therapy
Assumptions on which modelling is based
EXTRANEAL (Icodextrin) PD Solution Important Risk Information
References
Peritoneal Dialysis Prescription Management Quick Reference Guide
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
PD Prescription Management Guide
Sponsored
Fundamentals of the Prescription
Getting Started: Patient Pathway to First Prescription
Residual Kidney Function
Volume of Distribution of Urea (V
urea
) Formulas and Tables
Peritoneal Membrane Type
PET Calculations
The Standard Peritoneal Equilibrium Test
The Modified PET
Introduction
The Process to Develop an Initial Prescription
Overview of the Prescription Management Process
Assessment for Initial Prescription
Preliminary Assessment of Drain Volume
Suggested Timetable for Initial and Subsequent Clearance Measurements
Individualizing the Therapy
Overview
Therapy Optimization
Assumptions on Which Modeling Is Based
Membrane Transport Characteristics and Preferred PD Modality
Individualizing the Therapy
Monitoring the Therapy Long Term
Residual Kidney Function
Volume Control
Assessment of Volume Status
Management of Hypervolemia
Routine Clinic Visit
Caveats About Serum Phosphorus and PD
Overview
Appendix
Weekly Dialysis Clearance
Creatinine Clearance (C
Cr
)
Routine Patient Assessment
Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD) Regimens (Examples)
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) Regimen
International Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendations
EXTRANEAL (Icodextrin) PD Solution, Important Risk Information, References & Contributors
EXTRANEAL (Icodextrin) PD Solution Important Risk Information
References
Contributors
PD Prescription Management Guide
link ⇲
PD Prescription
Body Surface Area
Volume Distribution of Urea
Membrane Transport Type
Residual Kidney Function
REFERENCE BOOK
Access Care and Complications Management
Sponsored
Overview
Disclaimer & Use of the Guide
Catheter Insertion and Care
Preoperative Management
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Perioperative and Intraoperative Management
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Postoperative Management
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Chronic Care of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Noninfectious Complications
Pericatheter and Subcutaneous Leaks
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Management
References
Peritoneal Catheter Obstruction
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Hernia
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Abdominal Discomfort During Infusion and Drain
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Pneumoperitoneum (Shoulder Pain)
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Hemoperitoneum
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Hydrothorax
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Catheter Adapter Disconnect or Fracture of Peritoneal Catheter
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Infectious Complications: Peritonitis Management
Initial Empiric Management of Peritonitis
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Initial Empiric Management of Peritonitis
Staphyloccocus aureus Peritonitis
Enterococcus Peritonitis
Streptococcus Peritonitis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Peritonitis
Gram-negative Bacilli Organism Peritonitis
Polymicrobial Peritonitis
Culture-negative Peritonitis
Fungal Peritonitis
Mycobacterium Peritonitis
Peritonitis Terminology
Coagulase-negative Staphylococci
Relapsing and Repeat Peritonitis
References
Disclaimer
Infectious Complications: Management of the Exit-site/Tunnel Infection
Introduction
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Diagnosis and Management of Exit-site/Tunnel Infection
References
Disclaimer
Antibiotic Dosing Guidelines
Oral Antibiotics Used in Exit-site and Tunnel Infections
Exit-site Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Intraperitoneal Antibiotic Dosing Recommendations for CAPD Patients
Intermittent Dosing of Antibiotics in Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD)
References
Appendix
Preoperative and Postoperative PD Catheter Insertion Instructions for Patients
Peritoneal Imaging
Principles of Accurate Peritoneal Dialysis Effluent Sampling and Culturing
Peritoneal Effluent Culture Laboratory Processing
Peritonitis Rate Calculations
Differential Diagnosis of Non-infectious Cloudy Effluent
Providing for a Safe Environment for Peritoneal Dialysis
Normal Bacterial Flora of the Human Body
Preoperative Mapping
Introduction
Preoperative Mapping Using a Catheter Sample
Stencil-Based Preoperative Mapping
Preoperative Mapping for Upper Abdominal and Presternal Catheters
Procedure Day Mapping
References
Calculating Peritonitis Rates: An Example
Author Affiliations
Surgical Salvage Procedures for Infectious Complications
Simultaneous Catheter Replacement for Relapsing Peritonitis
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Exit-Site and Tunnel Infections
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Access Care and Complications Management
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician Recommendation Table
1000-Person Tool
Clinician Recommendation - Complete (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
General Calculators
BMI and BSA (Mosteller)
Calculate BMI and Body Surface Area using Mosteller formula
BMI and BSA (Du Bois)
Determine body mass index and body surface area using Du Bois method
Ideal Body Weight
Addictions
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C)
Brief screen to detecting heavy alcohol use
Addiction Medicine
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C)
Brief screen to detecting heavy alcohol use
Anesthesiology
APACHE II
Estimate mortality in the critically ill
BMI and BSA (Mosteller)
Calculate BMI and Body Surface Area using Mosteller formula
BMI and BSA (Du Bois)
Determine body mass index and body surface area using Du Bois method
ACC/AHA CV Risk Calculator (2013)
Estimate 10-year risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Document level of consciousness.
Cardiac Output - Fick
Calculate cardiac output, cardiac index, stroke volume and stroke volume index
Pediatric Endotracheal Tube Size
Revised Cardiac Risk Index (Lee Criteria)
Rapid pre-op assessment using the Revised Cardiac Risk Index
Asymptomatic ICA (Internal Carotid Artery) Stenosis Surgical Risk Stratification
Due Date by LMP
Pregnancy due date calculator
Due Date by Ultrasound
Determine pregnancy due date using ultrasound results
Gupta Perioperative Cardiac Risk
Determine peri-operative risk for a wide array of surgeries.
Postoperative Respiratory Failure Risk Calculator
Estimate risk of postoperative respiratory failure
Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)
Document clinical severity in the ICU and predict mortality
VSGNE Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (RAAA) Risk Score
Estimate mortality after open repair of ruptured AAA
Pre-test probability of CAD (CAD consortium)
Determine pre-test probability of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain.
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Carotid Endarterectomy
Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after carotid endarterectomy
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | EVAR
Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after EVAR
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Infra-inguinal Bypass
Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after infra-inguinal bypass
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Open AAA Repair
Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after open AAA repair
VQI: Respiratory Adverse Event Risk Post Vascular Surgery
Estimate the risk of pneumonia or respiratory failure after vascular surgery
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) 30-Day Stroke Risk Index for CEA
Estimate risk of stroke within 30 days after carotid endarterectomy
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) 1-Year Mortality Risk Index for CEA
Estimate probability of death within 1 year after carotid endarterectomy
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Suprainguinal Bypass
Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after suprainguinal bypass
PORT score for PeriOperative Risk of blood Transfusion in cardiac surgery by ACTA
Predict risk of blood transfusion after elective cardiac surgery using the ACTA-PORT score
Geriatric-Sensitive Perioperative Cardiac Risk Index | GSCRI
Estimate risk of perioperative myocardial infarction or cardiac arrest in patients over 65
Cardiac Surgery
Surgery in Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis
Assess timing of surgery in severe, asymptomatic aortic stenosis
BC Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Score
Predict mortality after cardiac surgery based on preoperative and intraoperative variables assessed at admission to a cardiac surgery ICU
Dialysis Risk After Cardiac Surgery (Cleveland Clinic Score by Thakar)
Estimate risk of dialysis after cardiac surgery.
Dialysis Risk After Cardiac Surgery (Mehta)
Estimate the risk of dialysis after cardiac surgery (Mehta model)
HIT 4T's score
Diagnose heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)
Document clinical severity in the ICU and predict mortality
Euroscore II
Estimate risk of in-hospital death after cardiac surgery.
Aortic Stenosis Risk Score
Estimate risk of cardiovascular events in patients with aortic stenosis
PORT score for PeriOperative Risk of blood Transfusion in cardiac surgery by ACTA
Predict risk of blood transfusion after elective cardiac surgery using the ACTA-PORT score
ADviSED - Aortic Dissection Detection Risk Score Plus D-Dimer for Aortic Syndromes
Rule out aortic dissection and other aortic syndromes
Cardiology
Aortic Stenosis/Outflow
AS: Aortic Valve Area (Cont)
Estimate aortic valve area
AS: Aortic Valve Area (DVI)
Estimate aortic valve area
AS: Aortic Valve Area (Gorlin)
Estimate aortic valve area
AS: Aortic Valve Area (Hakki)
Estimate aortic valve area
Surgery in Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis
Assess timing of surgery in severe, asymptomatic aortic stenosis
Aortic Stenosis Risk Score
Estimate risk of cardiovascular events in patients with aortic stenosis
HCM Risk-SCD
Assess risk of sudden cardiac death and need for ICD in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Aortic disease
ADviSED - Aortic Dissection Detection Risk Score Plus D-Dimer for Aortic Syndromes
Rule out aortic dissection and other aortic syndromes
Atrial Fibrillation
Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation: OBRI
The Outpatient Bleeding Risk Index (OBRI) estimates risk of bleeding in AF while on oral anticoagulation.
CHADS2 Score for AF
Assess risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation
CHA2DS2-VASc Score for AF
Replacement for CHADS2 for stroke prediction in atrial fibrillation
Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation: HAS-BLED Score
Understand the risk of bleeding from anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation
Warfarin Bleeding Risk - Elderly
Estimate 90 day risk of bleeding in patients on warfarin who are >65 years
Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation: ATRIA
Estimate bleeding risk for patients on warfarin.
Bleeding Risk
Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation: OBRI
The Outpatient Bleeding Risk Index (OBRI) estimates risk of bleeding in AF while on oral anticoagulation.
CRUSADE Score for Post-MI Bleeding Risk
Estimate bleeding risk after NSTEMI.
Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation: HAS-BLED Score
Understand the risk of bleeding from anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation
Warfarin Bleeding Risk - Elderly
Estimate 90 day risk of bleeding in patients on warfarin who are >65 years
Coronary Artery Disease
Infarct Size - Anterior
Infarct Size - Inferior
HEART Score | Chest pain in the ER
Risk stratify patients with chest pain in the ER
Killip Class
Estimate mortality in myocardial infarction
TIMI Risk Score (NSTEMI)
Guide therapeutic decisions in non-ST elevation MI.
Reynolds CAD Risk
TIMI Risk Score (STEMI)
VALIANT Heart Failure Risk Score
GRACE
The GRACE ACS risk calculator estimates risk of death following acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
Pre-test probability of CAD (CAD consortium)
Determine pre-test probability of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain.
ECG
ECG: Heart Rate
ECG: Corrected QT
ECG: Cycle Length
Echocardiography
AR: Quantification (Volumetric)
AR: Regurgitant Orifice (PISA)
AS: Aortic Valve Area (Cont)
Estimate aortic valve area
AS: Aortic Valve Area (DVI)
Estimate aortic valve area
Ejection Fraction (Simplified)
Fractional Shortening
Hemodynamics (Echo)
Left Atrial Systolic Pressure
LV/RV Contractility (dp/dt)
Modified Bernoulli Equation
MR: Quantification (PISA)
MR: Quantification (Volumetric)
MS: Wilkins' Echo Score
MS: Mitral Valve Area (Cont)
MS: Mitral Valve Area (PHT)
MS: Mitral Valve Area (PISA)
Myocardial Performance Index (CO and ET)
Myocardial Performance Index (IVRT and IVCT)
PCWP (Echo)
RV Systolic Pressure (TR Jet)
Shunt Fraction (Echo)
Heart Failure
Framingham CHF Criteria
Forrester HF Class
Killip Class
Estimate mortality in myocardial infarction
Seattle Heart Failure Model
Stevenson HF Class
VALIANT Heart Failure Risk Score
NYHA Functional Class
Hypertension
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Hypertension | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Recommendations (PDF)
link ⇲
Systematic Review
link ⇲
Tools/Resources
Clinician Algorithm (PDF)
link ⇲
Invasive Hemodynamics
AS: Aortic Valve Area (Gorlin)
Estimate aortic valve area
AS: Aortic Valve Area (Hakki)
Estimate aortic valve area
Cardiac Output - Fick
Calculate cardiac output, cardiac index, stroke volume and stroke volume index
MS: Mitral Valve Area (Gorlin)
MS: Mitral Valve Area (Hakki)
Pulmonary Resistance
Shunt Fraction (Invasive)
Systemic Vascular Resistance
Miscellaneous
Duke Criteria for Endocarditis
Diagnose endocarditis
Metabolic Syndrome (IDF)
Jones Criteria for Diagnosis of Rheumatic Fever
Diagnose acute rheumatic fever
RPDAI (Relapsing Polychondritis Disease Activity Index)
Assess disease activity in relapsing polychondritis.
Mitral Regurgitation
MR: Quantification (PISA)
MR: Quantification (Volumetric)
Mitral Stenosis
MS: Wilkins' Echo Score
MS: Mitral Valve Area (Cont)
MS: Mitral Valve Area (Gorlin)
MS: Mitral Valve Area (PHT)
MS: Mitral Valve Area (PISA)
MS: Mitral Valve Area (Hakki)
PCI and Cardiac Surgery
PCI mortality - Canada Score
BC Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Score
Predict mortality after cardiac surgery based on preoperative and intraoperative variables assessed at admission to a cardiac surgery ICU
Dialysis Risk After Cardiac Surgery (Cleveland Clinic Score by Thakar)
Estimate risk of dialysis after cardiac surgery.
Dialysis Risk After Cardiac Surgery (Mehta)
Estimate the risk of dialysis after cardiac surgery (Mehta model)
PCI complication - Mayo
PCI mortality - Michigan
DAPT Score
Which patients should remain on dual anti-platelet therapy 1 year following coronary stent treatment?
NCDR AKI and Dialysis Risk after PCI
Estimate risk of AKI and dialysis after PCI
Pre-operative Assessment
Revised Cardiac Risk Index (Lee Criteria)
Rapid pre-op assessment using the Revised Cardiac Risk Index
Asymptomatic ICA (Internal Carotid Artery) Stenosis Surgical Risk Stratification
Gupta Perioperative Cardiac Risk
Determine peri-operative risk for a wide array of surgeries.
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Carotid Endarterectomy
Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after carotid endarterectomy
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | EVAR
Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after EVAR
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Infra-inguinal Bypass
Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after infra-inguinal bypass
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Open AAA Repair
Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after open AAA repair
Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Cardiac Risk Index (CRI) | Suprainguinal Bypass
Estimate risk of post-op myocardial infarction after suprainguinal bypass
Geriatric-Sensitive Perioperative Cardiac Risk Index | GSCRI
Estimate risk of perioperative myocardial infarction or cardiac arrest in patients over 65
Risk Scores
ACC/AHA CV Risk Calculator (2013)
Estimate 10-year risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Reynolds CAD Risk
Framingham Risk Score (2008)
Framingham Risk Score (ATP-III)
Determine lipid treatment using Framingham Risk Score
Shunts
Shunt Fraction (Echo)
Shunt Fraction (Invasive)
Syncope
Syncope - EGSYS Score
Which patients with syncope should be admitted?
San Francisco Syncope Rule
Identify those at low risk of adverse outcome after a syncopal episode
Canadian Syncope Risk Score (CSRS)
Estimate prognosis among patients presenting to emergency with syncope
Treadmill Testing
Pretest Probablity of CAD
Duke Treadmill Score
Exercise Capacity (METs)
Rate Pressure Product
Pre-test probability of CAD (CAD consortium)
Determine pre-test probability of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain.
Critical Care
Cardiac ICU
Cardiac Output - Fick
Calculate cardiac output, cardiac index, stroke volume and stroke volume index
Killip Class
Estimate mortality in myocardial infarction
TIMI Risk Score (NSTEMI)
Guide therapeutic decisions in non-ST elevation MI.
Shunt Fraction (Invasive)
TIMI Risk Score (STEMI)
Systemic Vascular Resistance
GRACE
The GRACE ACS risk calculator estimates risk of death following acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
REFERENCE BOOK
KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury
AKI Definition
Prevention and Treatment of AKI
Contrast-induced AKI
Dialysis Interventions for Treatment of AKI
Introduction and Methodology
Introduction
Introduction
Glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine
Oliguria and anuria
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN)
ARF
RIFLE criteria
AKI: acute kidney injury/impairment
Validation studies using RIFLE
Limitations to current definitions for AKI
Rationale for a guideline on AKI
Summary
Methodology
Introduction
Group member selection and meeting process
Evidence selection, appraisal, and presentation
Outcome selection judgments, values, and preferences
Grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations
SPONSORSHIP
DISCLAIMER
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
AKI Definition
Definition and classification of AKI
Introduction
Definition of AKI
Staging AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Risk assessment
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Evaluation and general management of patients with and at risk for AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research recommendations
Supplementary material
Clinical applications
Introduction
Examples of application of AKI definitions
Estimating baseline SCr
Examples of application of AKI stages
Urine output vs. SCr
Timeframe for diagnosis and staging
Clinical judgment
Pseudo-AKI
Atypical AKI
Supplementary material
Diagnostic approach to alterations in kidney function and structure
Definitions of AKI, CKD and AKD
GFR and SCr
GFR/SCr algorithm
Oliguria as a measure of kidney function
Kidney damage
Small kidneys as a marker of kidney damage
Integrated approach to AKI, AKD, and CKD
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary material
Prevention and Treatment of AKI
Hemodynamic monitoring and support for prevention and management of AKI
Introduction
Fluids: Recommendations and Rationale
Albumin vs. Saline
Hydroxyethylstarch vs. Saline
Vasopressors: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocolized Hemodynamic Management: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocolized hemodynamic management strategies in septic shock
Goal-directed therapy for hemodynamic support during the perioperative period in high-risk surgical patients
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
General supportive management of patients with AKI, including management of complications
Overview
Glycemic control and nutritional support
Glycemic control in critical illness: Recommendations and Rationale
Nutritional aspects in the prevention and treatment of critically ill patients with AKI
Total Energy Intake: Recommendations and Rationale
Protein Intake: Recommendations and Rationale
Nutrition route: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatrics Considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
The use of diuretics in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Mannitol
Research Recommendations
Vasodilator therapy: dopamine, fenoldopam, and natriuretic peptides
Dopamine for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Fenoldopam for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Natriuretic peptides for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Growth factor intervention
Recombinant Human (rh) IGF-1: Recommendations and Rationale
Erythropoietin
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Adenosine receptor antagonists
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Prevention of aminoglycoside- and amphotericin-related AKI
Aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity
Treatment of Infections: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients with Normal Kidney Function in Steady State: Recommendations and Rationale
When Treatment with Multiple Daily Dosing is Used for More than 24 Hours: Recommendations and Rationale
When Treatment with Single-Daily Dosing is Used for More than 48 Hours: Recommendations and Rationale
Topical or Local Applications of Aminoglycosides: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Amphotericin B nephrotoxicity: Recommendations and Rationale
Treatment of Systemic Mycoses or Parasitic Infections: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Other methods of prevention of AKI in the critically ill
On-pump vs. off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
N-ACETYLCYSTEINE (NAC): Recommendations and Rationale
NAC in critically ill patients: Recommendations and Rationale
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary Material
Contrast-induced AKI
Contrast-induced AKI: definition, epidemiology, and prognosis
Background
Recommendations and Rationale
Epidemiology of CI-AKI
Prognosis of CI-AKI
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Assessment of the population at risk for CI-AKI
Recommendations and Rationale
Risk-factor questionnaire
Urinary protein screening
Other risk factors of CI-AKI
Risk models of CI-AKI
Patients at Increased Risk for CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Nephrotoxicity of Gd chelates
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)
Supplementary Material
Nonpharmacological prevention strategies of CI-AKI
Introduction
Dose/Volume of Contrast-Media Administration: Recommendations and Rationale
Route of administration of contrast media
Research Recommendations
Selection of a Contrast Agent: Recommendations and Rationale
High-osmolar vs. iso-osmolar or low-osmolar contrast media
Low-osmolar vs. iso-osmolar contrast media
i.a. Iodixanol vs. ioxaglate
i.v. Administration
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Pharmacological prevention strategies of CI-AKI
Fluid Administration: Recommendations and Rationale
Use of oral fluids alone in patients at increased risk of CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Role of nac in the prevention of CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Theophylline: Recommendations and Rationale
Fenoldopam: Recommendations and Rationale
Statins in the prevention of CI-AKI
Supplementary Material
Effects of hemodialysis or hemofiltration
Recommendations and Rationale
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary material
Dialysis Interventions for Treatment of AKI
Timing of renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Criteria for stopping renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
When to discontinue RRT: Recommendations and Rationale
Use of diuretics: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Anticoagulation
Introduction
How to decide to use anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients without an increased bleeding risk or impaired coagulation and not already receiving effective systemic anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients with increased bleeding risk who are not receiving anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
In patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Vascular access for renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Uncuffed nontunneled dialysis catheter vs a tunneled catheter: Recommendations and Rationale
When choosing a vein for insertion of a dialysis catheter in patients with AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Using ultrasound guidance for dialysis catheter insertion: Recommendations and Rationale
Obtaining a chest radiograph promptly after placement and before first use of an internal jugular or subclavian dialysis catheter: Recommendations and Rationale
Topical antibiotics: Recommendations and Rationale
Antibiotic locks: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Dialyzer membranes for renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Modality of renal replacement therapy for patients with AKI
Introduction
Complementary therapies in AKI patients: Recommendations and Rationale
Hemodynamically unstable patients: Recommendations and Rationale
AKI patients with acute brain injury or other causes of increased intracranial pressure or generalized brain edema: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocols for decreasing hemodynamic instability with intermittent RRT
Peritoneal dialysis
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Buffer solutions for renal replacement therapy in patients with AKI
Introduction
Buffer solution: Recommendations and Rationale
Dialysis fluids and replacement fluids in patients with AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Dose of renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Dosing: Recommendations and Rationale
Kt/V and Effluent Volume Rates: Recommendations and Rationale
Additional considerations
Research Recommendations
Sponsorship
Dislcaimer
Supplementary material
Organization and Acknowledgements
Notice
Work Group Membership
KDIGO Board Members
Reference Keys
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Abstract
Foreword
Biographic and Disclosure Information
Acknowledgments
References
General Medicine
Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS)
Identify patients who are at risk of clinical deterioration and who may require a higher level of care.
ICU AKI
APACHE II
Estimate mortality in the critically ill
Contrast Nephropathy Post-PCI
Estimate risk of AKI after percutaneous coronary intervention
Dialysis Risk After Cardiac Surgery (Cleveland Clinic Score by Thakar)
Estimate risk of dialysis after cardiac surgery.
Dialysis Risk After Cardiac Surgery (Mehta)
Estimate the risk of dialysis after cardiac surgery (Mehta model)
Fractional Excretion of Sodium
Differentiate pre-renal AKI from ATN.
Fractional Excretion of Urea
Identify a pre-renal state in patients using diuretics
Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)
Document clinical severity in the ICU and predict mortality
Pediatric Renal Angina Index
Predict acute kidney injury in critically ill children
STARRT-AKI Enrollment Criteria
Determine if patients meet criteria for the STARRT-AKI study.
Kinetic eGFR (KeGFR)
Estimate GFR when creatinine is changing acutely (either rising or falling)
PIM2
Paediatric Index of Mortality, revised version
Serious Renal Dysfunction Post-PCI
Assess risk of dialysis or severe increase in creatinine after PCI
CRRT Dosing Calculator
Calculate desired dose of dialysate in CRRT
KDIGO AKI Staging
Classification in acute kidney injury (AKI)
REFERENCE BOOK
KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury
AKI Definition
Prevention and Treatment of AKI
Contrast-induced AKI
Dialysis Interventions for Treatment of AKI
Introduction and Methodology
Introduction
Introduction
Glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine
Oliguria and anuria
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN)
ARF
RIFLE criteria
AKI: acute kidney injury/impairment
Validation studies using RIFLE
Limitations to current definitions for AKI
Rationale for a guideline on AKI
Summary
Methodology
Introduction
Group member selection and meeting process
Evidence selection, appraisal, and presentation
Outcome selection judgments, values, and preferences
Grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations
SPONSORSHIP
DISCLAIMER
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
AKI Definition
Definition and classification of AKI
Introduction
Definition of AKI
Staging AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Risk assessment
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Evaluation and general management of patients with and at risk for AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research recommendations
Supplementary material
Clinical applications
Introduction
Examples of application of AKI definitions
Estimating baseline SCr
Examples of application of AKI stages
Urine output vs. SCr
Timeframe for diagnosis and staging
Clinical judgment
Pseudo-AKI
Atypical AKI
Supplementary material
Diagnostic approach to alterations in kidney function and structure
Definitions of AKI, CKD and AKD
GFR and SCr
GFR/SCr algorithm
Oliguria as a measure of kidney function
Kidney damage
Small kidneys as a marker of kidney damage
Integrated approach to AKI, AKD, and CKD
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary material
Prevention and Treatment of AKI
Hemodynamic monitoring and support for prevention and management of AKI
Introduction
Fluids: Recommendations and Rationale
Albumin vs. Saline
Hydroxyethylstarch vs. Saline
Vasopressors: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocolized Hemodynamic Management: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocolized hemodynamic management strategies in septic shock
Goal-directed therapy for hemodynamic support during the perioperative period in high-risk surgical patients
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
General supportive management of patients with AKI, including management of complications
Overview
Glycemic control and nutritional support
Glycemic control in critical illness: Recommendations and Rationale
Nutritional aspects in the prevention and treatment of critically ill patients with AKI
Total Energy Intake: Recommendations and Rationale
Protein Intake: Recommendations and Rationale
Nutrition route: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatrics Considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
The use of diuretics in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Mannitol
Research Recommendations
Vasodilator therapy: dopamine, fenoldopam, and natriuretic peptides
Dopamine for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Fenoldopam for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Natriuretic peptides for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Growth factor intervention
Recombinant Human (rh) IGF-1: Recommendations and Rationale
Erythropoietin
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Adenosine receptor antagonists
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Prevention of aminoglycoside- and amphotericin-related AKI
Aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity
Treatment of Infections: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients with Normal Kidney Function in Steady State: Recommendations and Rationale
When Treatment with Multiple Daily Dosing is Used for More than 24 Hours: Recommendations and Rationale
When Treatment with Single-Daily Dosing is Used for More than 48 Hours: Recommendations and Rationale
Topical or Local Applications of Aminoglycosides: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Amphotericin B nephrotoxicity: Recommendations and Rationale
Treatment of Systemic Mycoses or Parasitic Infections: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Other methods of prevention of AKI in the critically ill
On-pump vs. off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
N-ACETYLCYSTEINE (NAC): Recommendations and Rationale
NAC in critically ill patients: Recommendations and Rationale
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary Material
Contrast-induced AKI
Contrast-induced AKI: definition, epidemiology, and prognosis
Background
Recommendations and Rationale
Epidemiology of CI-AKI
Prognosis of CI-AKI
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Assessment of the population at risk for CI-AKI
Recommendations and Rationale
Risk-factor questionnaire
Urinary protein screening
Other risk factors of CI-AKI
Risk models of CI-AKI
Patients at Increased Risk for CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Nephrotoxicity of Gd chelates
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)
Supplementary Material
Nonpharmacological prevention strategies of CI-AKI
Introduction
Dose/Volume of Contrast-Media Administration: Recommendations and Rationale
Route of administration of contrast media
Research Recommendations
Selection of a Contrast Agent: Recommendations and Rationale
High-osmolar vs. iso-osmolar or low-osmolar contrast media
Low-osmolar vs. iso-osmolar contrast media
i.a. Iodixanol vs. ioxaglate
i.v. Administration
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Pharmacological prevention strategies of CI-AKI
Fluid Administration: Recommendations and Rationale
Use of oral fluids alone in patients at increased risk of CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Role of nac in the prevention of CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Theophylline: Recommendations and Rationale
Fenoldopam: Recommendations and Rationale
Statins in the prevention of CI-AKI
Supplementary Material
Effects of hemodialysis or hemofiltration
Recommendations and Rationale
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary material
Dialysis Interventions for Treatment of AKI
Timing of renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Criteria for stopping renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
When to discontinue RRT: Recommendations and Rationale
Use of diuretics: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Anticoagulation
Introduction
How to decide to use anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients without an increased bleeding risk or impaired coagulation and not already receiving effective systemic anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients with increased bleeding risk who are not receiving anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
In patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Vascular access for renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Uncuffed nontunneled dialysis catheter vs a tunneled catheter: Recommendations and Rationale
When choosing a vein for insertion of a dialysis catheter in patients with AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Using ultrasound guidance for dialysis catheter insertion: Recommendations and Rationale
Obtaining a chest radiograph promptly after placement and before first use of an internal jugular or subclavian dialysis catheter: Recommendations and Rationale
Topical antibiotics: Recommendations and Rationale
Antibiotic locks: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Dialyzer membranes for renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Modality of renal replacement therapy for patients with AKI
Introduction
Complementary therapies in AKI patients: Recommendations and Rationale
Hemodynamically unstable patients: Recommendations and Rationale
AKI patients with acute brain injury or other causes of increased intracranial pressure or generalized brain edema: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocols for decreasing hemodynamic instability with intermittent RRT
Peritoneal dialysis
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Buffer solutions for renal replacement therapy in patients with AKI
Introduction
Buffer solution: Recommendations and Rationale
Dialysis fluids and replacement fluids in patients with AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Dose of renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Dosing: Recommendations and Rationale
Kt/V and Effluent Volume Rates: Recommendations and Rationale
Additional considerations
Research Recommendations
Sponsorship
Dislcaimer
Supplementary material
Organization and Acknowledgements
Notice
Work Group Membership
KDIGO Board Members
Reference Keys
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Abstract
Foreword
Biographic and Disclosure Information
Acknowledgments
References
Illness Severity
APACHE II
Estimate mortality in the critically ill
Ranson's Criteria
Estimate mortality in patients with pancreatitis.
Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)
Document clinical severity in the ICU and predict mortality
BISAP Score
Estimate disease severity in acute pancreatitis.
Modified Glasgow Imrie Severity Criteria for Acute Pancreatitis
Predict outcome in acute pancreatitis
UKELD Score
The United Kingdom Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (UKELD) predicts prognosis in chronic liver disease and can be used to prioritize for liver transplantation
Medical ICU
Child Pugh Score
Determine severity of cirrhosis.
DVT Clinical Probability (Well's)
Determine pretest probability of DVT to guide workup
Parkland Formula
Manage IV fluids required in burns
Ranson's Criteria
Estimate mortality in patients with pancreatitis.
Serious Illness Conversation Guide
Steps to elicit important information from your patients about their goals and values
Modified Glasgow Imrie Severity Criteria for Acute Pancreatitis
Predict outcome in acute pancreatitis
UKELD Score
The United Kingdom Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (UKELD) predicts prognosis in chronic liver disease and can be used to prioritize for liver transplantation
Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS)
Identify patients who are at risk of clinical deterioration and who may require a higher level of care.
Rule of Nines
Estimate surface area of burns
Neurologic ICU
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure
FOUR Score
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Document level of consciousness.
CIWA-Ar
Optimize benzodiazepine treatment of patients alcohol withdrawal
CAM-ICU
Diagnose delirium in the intensive care unit.
The Richmond Agitation Sedation Score (RASS)
Assess level of consciousness in the intensive care unit.
Respiratory ICU
A-a Gradient
Used to determine cause of hypoxemia
Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI)
Predict outcome in patients with pulmonary embolism
PE Clinical Probability
Determine pretest probability of PE to guide workup
Pneumonia risk (CURB-65)
Estimate prognosis and determine disposition in community-acquired pneumonia.
Pulmonary Resistance
Pneumonia Severity Index (PORT Score)
Determine need for admission in pneumonia
Postoperative Respiratory Failure Risk Calculator
Estimate risk of postoperative respiratory failure
Emergency
ROSIER scale
Determine which patients are likely to have true stroke vs stroke mimics
Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS)
Identify patients who are at risk of clinical deterioration and who may require a higher level of care.
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
Calculate MAP
Smith-Modified Sgarbossa’s Criteria for MI in Left Bundle Branch Block
Diagnose acute MI in patients with known LBBB
Burns
Parkland Formula
Manage IV fluids required in burns
Rule of Nines
Estimate surface area of burns
Chest pain & Cardiac
Infarct Size - Anterior
Infarct Size - Inferior
HEART Score | Chest pain in the ER
Risk stratify patients with chest pain in the ER
Killip Class
Estimate mortality in myocardial infarction
TIMI Risk Score (NSTEMI)
Guide therapeutic decisions in non-ST elevation MI.
TIMI Risk Score (STEMI)
GRACE
The GRACE ACS risk calculator estimates risk of death following acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
Pre-test probability of CAD (CAD consortium)
Determine pre-test probability of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain.
ADviSED - Aortic Dissection Detection Risk Score Plus D-Dimer for Aortic Syndromes
Rule out aortic dissection and other aortic syndromes
General Medicine
ECG: Heart Rate
A-a Gradient
Used to determine cause of hypoxemia
Anion Gap
Calculate anion gap for use in acid-base disorders.
CHADS2 Score for AF
Assess risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation
CHA2DS2-VASc Score for AF
Replacement for CHADS2 for stroke prediction in atrial fibrillation
Child Pugh Score
Determine severity of cirrhosis.
ECG: Corrected QT
ECG: Cycle Length
Fractional Excretion of Sodium
Differentiate pre-renal AKI from ATN.
MDRD eGFR
Calculate eGFR using the MDRD formula
Prognosis after TIPSS using MELD Score
Osmolal Gap
Detect unmeasured osmoles, such as toxic alcohols
Peak Expiratory Flow Prediction
Pneumonia risk (CURB-65)
Estimate prognosis and determine disposition in community-acquired pneumonia.
Ranson's Criteria
Estimate mortality in patients with pancreatitis.
Water Deficit in Hypernatremia
Determine water replacement in hypernatremia
Canadian Syncope Risk Score (CSRS)
Estimate prognosis among patients presenting to emergency with syncope
Injuries & Trauma
Canadian CT Head Rule
Determine which minor head injury patients need head CT imaging
Canadian C-Spine Rule
Determine whether cervical spine imaging can be safely avoided
NEXUS C-Spine Criteria
Determine whether cervical spine imaging can be safely avoided
Ottawa Ankle Rules
Does this ankle injury require an x-ray?
Ottawa Knee Rules
Does this knee injury require an x-ray?
Ottawa SAH Rule
Use the Ottawa SAH Rule to rule out subarachnoid hemorrhage
Injury Severity Score
Describe severity of traumatic injury
Pediatrics ER
APGAR
Newborn assessment
Pediatric Endotracheal Tube Size
Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale
Pediatric Strep Score
PELD Score - Age Younger Than 12 years
PELD (Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease) is used for liver allocation in the OPTN match system
Westley Croup Score
Assess croup severity
PELD Score - Age Younger Than 12 years
PELD (Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease) is used for liver allocation in the OPTN match system
Alberta Croup Severity
Psychiatry
Modified SAD PERSONS Scale
Assess depression with the modified SAD PERSONS Scale
CIWA-Ar
Optimize benzodiazepine treatment of patients alcohol withdrawal
Surgery
Alvarado Score for Acute Appendicitis
Diagnose appendicitis
VSGNE Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (RAAA) Risk Score
Estimate mortality after open repair of ruptured AAA
Modified Glasgow Imrie Severity Criteria for Acute Pancreatitis
Predict outcome in acute pancreatitis
Thrombosis
DVT Clinical Probability (Well's)
Determine pretest probability of DVT to guide workup
Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI)
Predict outcome in patients with pulmonary embolism
PE Clinical Probability
Determine pretest probability of PE to guide workup
PERC Rule for Pulmonary Embolism
Use the PERC rule to rule out PE if no criteria are present and pre-test probability is <15%.
Endocrinology
Dubbo Osteoporotic Fracture Risk
Assess risk of osteoporotic fracture
Thyroid Carcinoma: Anaplastic
TNM Staging for Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
Thyroid Carcinoma: Medullary
TNM Staging for Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Thyroid Carcinoma: Well-Differentiated
TNM Staging for Well-Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Lipid Lowering Guidelines using Framingham (2008)
Lipid Lowering Guidelines using Framingham (ATP-III)
FINDRISC Diabetes Risk Calculator
Estimate risk of developing diabetes and frequency of screening required.
Calcium Correction for Hypoalbuminemia
Adjust serum calcium in the setting of low albumin.
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Type 2 Diabetes | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Recommendations (CMAJ)
link ⇲
Systematic Review
link ⇲
Tools/Resources
FINDRISC Diabetes Risk Calculator
Clinician FAQ
link ⇲
Patient FAQ
link ⇲
REFERENCE BOOK
Obesity in Adults | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician FAQ
Clinician Algorithm - Calculator
Clinician Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
Gastroenterology
GI Bleed
Blatchford Score
Assess if intervention is required for acute upper GI bleeding.
Forrest Classification
Estimate risk of re-bleeding post-endoscopy for upper GI bleeding.
Rockall Score
Estimate risk of mortality after endoscopy for GI bleed.
Hepatology
Autoimmune Hepatitis Diagnosis
Clarify the diagnose of autoimmune hepatitis
Child Pugh Score
Determine severity of cirrhosis.
Discriminant Function (Alcoholic Hepatitis)
Emory Model (TIPSS)
Prognosis after TIPSS using MELD Score
Prognosis in Alcoholic Hepatitis
Estimates prognosis in alcoholic hepatitis using the MELD score
PELD Score - Age Younger Than 12 years
PELD (Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease) is used for liver allocation in the OPTN match system
Alcoholism - Risk of Relapse
Alcohol Relapse Risk after Liver Transplant
Serum Ascites to Albumin Gradient (SAAG)
Determine if ascites due to portal hypertension.
FIB-4 for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Hepatic Fibrosis
Non-invasively identify hepatic fibrosis
APRI (AST to Platelet Ratio Index)
Assess likelihood of fibrosis or cirrhosis non-invasively using AST and platelet count.
NAFLD Fibrosis Score
Reduce the need for liver biopsy by identifying patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease likely or unlikely to have advanced fibrosis
MELD Score - Age above 12 years
Scoring system used to rank prioritize candidates for liver transplantation, including MELD-Na used in the OPTN match system
Alcohol Relapse Risk after Liver Transplant
MELD Score - Age above 12 years
Scoring system used to rank prioritize candidates for liver transplantation, including MELD-Na used in the OPTN match system
PELD Score - Age Younger Than 12 years
PELD (Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease) is used for liver allocation in the OPTN match system
UKELD Score
The United Kingdom Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (UKELD) predicts prognosis in chronic liver disease and can be used to prioritize for liver transplantation
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI)
Assess disease activity in Crohn's disease
Mayo Score for Ulcerative Colitis Activity
Assess disease activity in ulcerative colitis
Urine Anion Gap or Urine Net Charge
Use urine electrolytes to differentiate renal tubular acidosis from diarrhea-induced non-anion gap metabolic acidosis
PCDAI
Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index
Pancreatitis
APACHE II
Estimate mortality in the critically ill
CT Severity Index (Pancreatitis)
Predict complication and mortality rate in pancreatitis, based on CT findings (Balthazar score)
Ranson's Criteria
Estimate mortality in patients with pancreatitis.
BISAP Score
Estimate disease severity in acute pancreatitis.
Modified Marshall Score
A definition of organ failure in acute pancreatitis
Modified Glasgow Imrie Severity Criteria for Acute Pancreatitis
Predict outcome in acute pancreatitis
Geriatrics
ABCD² Score
Guide admission in TIA based on ABCD² Score
ACC/AHA CV Risk Calculator (2013)
Estimate 10-year risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
CHADS2 Score for AF
Assess risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation
CHA2DS2-VASc Score for AF
Replacement for CHADS2 for stroke prediction in atrial fibrillation
Dubbo Osteoporotic Fracture Risk
Assess risk of osteoporotic fracture
Syncope - EGSYS Score
Which patients with syncope should be admitted?
Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation: HAS-BLED Score
Understand the risk of bleeding from anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D or HDRS)
Determine severity of depression
MGUS Prognosis
Determine risk of malignant progression to myleoma or lymphoproliferative disorder.
Pneumonia risk (CURB-65)
Estimate prognosis and determine disposition in community-acquired pneumonia.
Warfarin Bleeding Risk - Elderly
Estimate 90 day risk of bleeding in patients on warfarin who are >65 years
Water Deficit in Hypernatremia
Determine water replacement in hypernatremia
Pneumonia Severity Index (PORT Score)
Determine need for admission in pneumonia
eGFR using CKD-EPI
Calculate eGFR using the CKD-EPI formula
Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)
Screening tool to assist in identifying major depressive disorder
Geriatric Depression Scale
A questionnaire to screen for depression in geriatric populations
3-Month Mortality in Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Estimate the risk of early death (at 3 months) in elderly patients starting dialysis.
Predicting 3 Year Survival for Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Determine appropriateness for transplant referral in elderly patients starting dialysis
GAD-7 Anxiety Scale
Screen for generalized anxiety disorder
Polymyalgia Rheumatica (2012 EULAR/ACR Provisional Criteria)
Review EULAR/ACR criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica
San Francisco Syncope Rule
Identify those at low risk of adverse outcome after a syncopal episode
International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS)
Assess severity of symptoms in benign prostatic hypertrophy
Predicting 3 Year Survival for Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Determine appropriateness for transplant referral in elderly patients starting dialysis
Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test-geriatric version The SMAST-G
Assess for problem alcohol drinking in the elderly
Geriatric-Sensitive Perioperative Cardiac Risk Index | GSCRI
Estimate risk of perioperative myocardial infarction or cardiac arrest in patients over 65
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Cognitive Impairment | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician FAQ
Clinical Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
Hematology
Benign Hematology
DVT Clinical Probability (Well's)
Determine pretest probability of DVT to guide workup
Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI)
Predict outcome in patients with pulmonary embolism
HIT 4T's score
Diagnose heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
PE Clinical Probability
Determine pretest probability of PE to guide workup
Recognize Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Sponsored Content
Identify Type of Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Sponsored Content
PERC Rule for Pulmonary Embolism
Use the PERC rule to rule out PE if no criteria are present and pre-test probability is <15%.
Expected spleen size
Provides upper limit of normal for spleen length and volume by ultrasound relative to body height and gender.
Padua Prediction Score for Risk of VTE
Estimate risk of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients
Recognise Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Sponsored by Alexion Pharma UK
Identify Type of Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Sponsored by Alexion Pharma UK
Khorana risk score
Estimate risk of chemotherapy-associated thrombosis
PORT score for PeriOperative Risk of blood Transfusion in cardiac surgery by ACTA
Predict risk of blood transfusion after elective cardiac surgery using the ACTA-PORT score
Body Surface Area
BMI and BSA (Mosteller)
Calculate BMI and Body Surface Area using Mosteller formula
BMI and BSA (Du Bois)
Determine body mass index and body surface area using Du Bois method
Malignant Hematology
CMML Prognostic Scoring Systems (from Spain and Dusseldorf)
Assess risk of progression to AML and early mortality in CMML
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Prognosis (R-IPI)
Determine prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Follicular Lymphoma prognosis
Determine prognosis in follicular lymphoma (FLIPI)
Acute GVHD Grading
Determine severity in acute graft versus host disease.
Hodgkin's Disease | Prognosis
Estimate prognosis in Hodgkin's disease.
Hematopoietic cell transplantation - specific comorbidity index (HCT-CI)
MDS Revised - International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R)
Assess mortality and progression to acute myeloid leukemia in myelodysplastic syndrome
Hodgkin's Marrow Involvement
Estimate likelihood of bone marrow involvement in Hodgkin's lymphoma.
MDS Intnl Prognostic Scoring Sys (IPSS)
Multiple Myeloma Prognosis (ISS)
MASCC Febrile Neutropenia Risk
Assess risk in febrile neutropenia and appropriateness for outpatient management
MDS Anemia - EPO/GCSF Response
Identify those with MDS likely to respond to stem-cell factors.
MDS WHO Classification-based Prognostic Scoring System (WPSS)
Estimate survival and risk of transformation to AML in myelodysplastic syndrome.
MGUS Prognosis
Determine risk of malignant progression to myleoma or lymphoproliferative disorder.
MIPI - Mantle Cell Lymphoma Prognosis
Estimate prognosis in mantle cell lymphoma.
DIPSS Prognosis in Myelofibrosis
Estimate prognosis in myelofibrosis.
Smoldering Multiple Myeloma Prognosis
Determine risk of progression to symptomatic multiple myeloma.
Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Prognosis (IPI24)
Determine prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Prognosis (NCCN-IPI)
Estimate prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
DIPSS Plus Score for Prognosis in Myelofibrosis
Estimate prognosis in myelofibrosis.
Multiple Myeloma Prognosis (R-ISS)
Revised international staging system for myeloma
CLL-IPI
The International Prognostic Index for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Expected spleen size
Provides upper limit of normal for spleen length and volume by ultrasound relative to body height and gender.
MDS Revised - International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) Non-Age Adjusted
Assess mortality and progression to acute myeloid leukemia in myelodysplastic syndrome using the non-age adjusted model
Sponsored
CNS International Prognostic Index in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (CNS-IPI)
Estimate risk of CNS relapse/progression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
MALT Lymphoma prognosis (MALT-IPI)
Estimate prognosis in MALT lymphoma
Khorana risk score
Estimate risk of chemotherapy-associated thrombosis
Infectious Disease
Child Pugh Score
Determine severity of cirrhosis.
Duke Criteria for Endocarditis
Diagnose endocarditis
Lund-Mackay Sinusitis Stage
Assess severity of chronic rhinosinusitis and assess response to therapy.
MASCC Febrile Neutropenia Risk
Assess risk in febrile neutropenia and appropriateness for outpatient management
Prognosis after TIPSS using MELD Score
Pediatric Strep Score
Pneumonia risk (CURB-65)
Estimate prognosis and determine disposition in community-acquired pneumonia.
Westley Croup Score
Assess croup severity
Pneumonia Severity Index (PORT Score)
Determine need for admission in pneumonia
Jones Criteria for Diagnosis of Rheumatic Fever
Diagnose acute rheumatic fever
MELD Score - Age above 12 years
Scoring system used to rank prioritize candidates for liver transplantation, including MELD-Na used in the OPTN match system
MELD Score - Age above 12 years
Scoring system used to rank prioritize candidates for liver transplantation, including MELD-Na used in the OPTN match system
Vancomycin Dosing Based on eGFR (creatinine-cystatin C)
Select an appropriate initial dose and interval for vancomycin taking into account renal function using cystatin C & creatinine
Alberta Croup Severity
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Hepatitis C | CTFPHC
Review Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care guideline on Hepatitis C screening
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician FAQ
Clinician Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
Medical Administration
Mayo Early Screen for Discharge Planning
Identify patients needing specialized discharge planning services
HOSPITAL Score
Determine risk of avoidable hospital readmission
Medical Imaging
Body Imaging
CT Severity Index (Pancreatitis)
Predict complication and mortality rate in pancreatitis, based on CT findings (Balthazar score)
Expected spleen size
Provides upper limit of normal for spleen length and volume by ultrasound relative to body height and gender.
Obstetrical imaging
Due Date by LMP
Pregnancy due date calculator
Due Date by Ultrasound
Determine pregnancy due date using ultrasound results
Gestational Age
Thrombosis imaging
DVT Clinical Probability (Well's)
Determine pretest probability of DVT to guide workup
PE Clinical Probability
Determine pretest probability of PE to guide workup
PERC Rule for Pulmonary Embolism
Use the PERC rule to rule out PE if no criteria are present and pre-test probability is <15%.
Trauma/MSK imaging
Canadian CT Head Rule
Determine which minor head injury patients need head CT imaging
Canadian C-Spine Rule
Determine whether cervical spine imaging can be safely avoided
NEXUS C-Spine Criteria
Determine whether cervical spine imaging can be safely avoided
Ottawa Ankle Rules
Does this ankle injury require an x-ray?
Ottawa Knee Rules
Does this knee injury require an x-ray?
NEXUS Chest Decision Instrument for Blunt Chest Trauma
Assess the need for chest imaging after blunt trauma
Mental Health
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Cognitive Impairment | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician FAQ
Clinical Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
CMAJ Author Podcast
link ⇲
Addictions
CIWA-Ar
Optimize benzodiazepine treatment of patients alcohol withdrawal
Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test-geriatric version The SMAST-G
Assess for problem alcohol drinking in the elderly
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C)
Brief screen to detecting heavy alcohol use
Anxiety
GAD-7 Anxiety Scale
Screen for generalized anxiety disorder
Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS)
10 question scale to grade severity of obsessive–compulsive disorder symptoms
Florida Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (FOCI)
5 question screener for obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD)
Bipolar
Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale (ASRM)
5 question scale to screen and stage severity of hypomania/mania
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)
11 question scale to grade the severity of mania
Depression
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D or HDRS)
Determine severity of depression
Modified SAD PERSONS Scale
Assess depression with the modified SAD PERSONS Scale
Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)
Screening tool to assist in identifying major depressive disorder
Geriatric Depression Scale
A questionnaire to screen for depression in geriatric populations
Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2)
Ultra-brief screening for depressive disorders
Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale (ASRM)
5 question scale to screen and stage severity of hypomania/mania
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)
11 question scale to grade the severity of mania
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Depression | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Clinician Algorithm & FAQ
Clinician Recommendations - Full (CMAJ)
link ⇲
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS)
10 question scale to grade severity of obsessive–compulsive disorder symptoms
Florida Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (FOCI)
5 question screener for obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD)
Pediatrics
SNAP-IV 26 - Teacher & Parent Rating Scale
Assess children for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Psychosomatic
Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15)
Somatic Symptom Severity Scale
Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury
APACHE II
Estimate mortality in the critically ill
Contrast Nephropathy Post-PCI
Estimate risk of AKI after percutaneous coronary intervention
Dialysis Risk After Cardiac Surgery (Cleveland Clinic Score by Thakar)
Estimate risk of dialysis after cardiac surgery.
Dialysis Risk After Cardiac Surgery (Mehta)
Estimate the risk of dialysis after cardiac surgery (Mehta model)
Fractional Excretion of Sodium
Differentiate pre-renal AKI from ATN.
Fractional Excretion of Urea
Identify a pre-renal state in patients using diuretics
Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)
Document clinical severity in the ICU and predict mortality
Pediatric Renal Angina Index
Predict acute kidney injury in critically ill children
STARRT-AKI Enrollment Criteria
Determine if patients meet criteria for the STARRT-AKI study.
Kinetic eGFR (KeGFR)
Estimate GFR when creatinine is changing acutely (either rising or falling)
PIM2
Paediatric Index of Mortality, revised version
Serious Renal Dysfunction Post-PCI
Assess risk of dialysis or severe increase in creatinine after PCI
CRRT Dosing Calculator
Calculate desired dose of dialysate in CRRT
NCDR AKI and Dialysis Risk after PCI
Estimate risk of AKI and dialysis after PCI
Advanced CKD after AKI Risk Index
Estimate risk of advanced chronic kidney disease after acute kidney injury
Mayo AKI Risk after Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Estimate perioperative risk of acute kidney injury
KDIGO AKI Staging
Classification in acute kidney injury (AKI)
REFERENCE BOOK
KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury
AKI Definition
Prevention and Treatment of AKI
Contrast-induced AKI
Dialysis Interventions for Treatment of AKI
Introduction and Methodology
Introduction
Introduction
Glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine
Oliguria and anuria
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN)
ARF
RIFLE criteria
AKI: acute kidney injury/impairment
Validation studies using RIFLE
Limitations to current definitions for AKI
Rationale for a guideline on AKI
Summary
Methodology
Introduction
Group member selection and meeting process
Evidence selection, appraisal, and presentation
Outcome selection judgments, values, and preferences
Grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations
SPONSORSHIP
DISCLAIMER
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
AKI Definition
Definition and classification of AKI
Introduction
Definition of AKI
Staging AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Risk assessment
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Evaluation and general management of patients with and at risk for AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research recommendations
Supplementary material
Clinical applications
Introduction
Examples of application of AKI definitions
Estimating baseline SCr
Examples of application of AKI stages
Urine output vs. SCr
Timeframe for diagnosis and staging
Clinical judgment
Pseudo-AKI
Atypical AKI
Supplementary material
Diagnostic approach to alterations in kidney function and structure
Definitions of AKI, CKD and AKD
GFR and SCr
GFR/SCr algorithm
Oliguria as a measure of kidney function
Kidney damage
Small kidneys as a marker of kidney damage
Integrated approach to AKI, AKD, and CKD
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary material
Prevention and Treatment of AKI
Hemodynamic monitoring and support for prevention and management of AKI
Introduction
Fluids: Recommendations and Rationale
Albumin vs. Saline
Hydroxyethylstarch vs. Saline
Vasopressors: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocolized Hemodynamic Management: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocolized hemodynamic management strategies in septic shock
Goal-directed therapy for hemodynamic support during the perioperative period in high-risk surgical patients
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
General supportive management of patients with AKI, including management of complications
Overview
Glycemic control and nutritional support
Glycemic control in critical illness: Recommendations and Rationale
Nutritional aspects in the prevention and treatment of critically ill patients with AKI
Total Energy Intake: Recommendations and Rationale
Protein Intake: Recommendations and Rationale
Nutrition route: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatrics Considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
The use of diuretics in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Mannitol
Research Recommendations
Vasodilator therapy: dopamine, fenoldopam, and natriuretic peptides
Dopamine for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Fenoldopam for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Natriuretic peptides for the prevention or treatment of AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Growth factor intervention
Recombinant Human (rh) IGF-1: Recommendations and Rationale
Erythropoietin
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Adenosine receptor antagonists
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Prevention of aminoglycoside- and amphotericin-related AKI
Aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity
Treatment of Infections: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients with Normal Kidney Function in Steady State: Recommendations and Rationale
When Treatment with Multiple Daily Dosing is Used for More than 24 Hours: Recommendations and Rationale
When Treatment with Single-Daily Dosing is Used for More than 48 Hours: Recommendations and Rationale
Topical or Local Applications of Aminoglycosides: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Amphotericin B nephrotoxicity: Recommendations and Rationale
Treatment of Systemic Mycoses or Parasitic Infections: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Other methods of prevention of AKI in the critically ill
On-pump vs. off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
N-ACETYLCYSTEINE (NAC): Recommendations and Rationale
NAC in critically ill patients: Recommendations and Rationale
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary Material
Contrast-induced AKI
Contrast-induced AKI: definition, epidemiology, and prognosis
Background
Recommendations and Rationale
Epidemiology of CI-AKI
Prognosis of CI-AKI
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Assessment of the population at risk for CI-AKI
Recommendations and Rationale
Risk-factor questionnaire
Urinary protein screening
Other risk factors of CI-AKI
Risk models of CI-AKI
Patients at Increased Risk for CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Nephrotoxicity of Gd chelates
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)
Supplementary Material
Nonpharmacological prevention strategies of CI-AKI
Introduction
Dose/Volume of Contrast-Media Administration: Recommendations and Rationale
Route of administration of contrast media
Research Recommendations
Selection of a Contrast Agent: Recommendations and Rationale
High-osmolar vs. iso-osmolar or low-osmolar contrast media
Low-osmolar vs. iso-osmolar contrast media
i.a. Iodixanol vs. ioxaglate
i.v. Administration
Research Recommendations
Supplementary Material
Pharmacological prevention strategies of CI-AKI
Fluid Administration: Recommendations and Rationale
Use of oral fluids alone in patients at increased risk of CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Role of nac in the prevention of CI-AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Theophylline: Recommendations and Rationale
Fenoldopam: Recommendations and Rationale
Statins in the prevention of CI-AKI
Supplementary Material
Effects of hemodialysis or hemofiltration
Recommendations and Rationale
Sponsorship
Disclaimer
Supplementary material
Dialysis Interventions for Treatment of AKI
Timing of renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Criteria for stopping renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
When to discontinue RRT: Recommendations and Rationale
Use of diuretics: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Anticoagulation
Introduction
How to decide to use anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients without an increased bleeding risk or impaired coagulation and not already receiving effective systemic anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
Patients with increased bleeding risk who are not receiving anticoagulation: Recommendations and Rationale
In patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Vascular access for renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Uncuffed nontunneled dialysis catheter vs a tunneled catheter: Recommendations and Rationale
When choosing a vein for insertion of a dialysis catheter in patients with AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Using ultrasound guidance for dialysis catheter insertion: Recommendations and Rationale
Obtaining a chest radiograph promptly after placement and before first use of an internal jugular or subclavian dialysis catheter: Recommendations and Rationale
Topical antibiotics: Recommendations and Rationale
Antibiotic locks: Recommendations and Rationale
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Dialyzer membranes for renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Modality of renal replacement therapy for patients with AKI
Introduction
Complementary therapies in AKI patients: Recommendations and Rationale
Hemodynamically unstable patients: Recommendations and Rationale
AKI patients with acute brain injury or other causes of increased intracranial pressure or generalized brain edema: Recommendations and Rationale
Protocols for decreasing hemodynamic instability with intermittent RRT
Peritoneal dialysis
Pediatric considerations
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Buffer solutions for renal replacement therapy in patients with AKI
Introduction
Buffer solution: Recommendations and Rationale
Dialysis fluids and replacement fluids in patients with AKI: Recommendations and Rationale
Research Recommendations
Supplementary material
Dose of renal replacement therapy in AKI
Introduction
Dosing: Recommendations and Rationale
Kt/V and Effluent Volume Rates: Recommendations and Rationale
Additional considerations
Research Recommendations
Sponsorship
Dislcaimer
Supplementary material
Organization and Acknowledgements
Notice
Work Group Membership
KDIGO Board Members
Reference Keys
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Abstract
Foreword
Biographic and Disclosure Information
Acknowledgments
References
Chronic Kidney Disease
Kidney Failure Risk Equation (8 Variable)
Estimate risk of progression to end-stage renal disease in CKD patients using 8 variables.
Kidney Failure Risk Equation (4 Variable)
Estimate risk of progression to end-stage renal disease in CKD patients using age, sex, eGFR and proteinuria with KFRE
Chronic Kidney Disease Management: BC Guidelines
Primary care management of CKD
Supported by Shared Care Committee of BC
Predicting 6 and 12 Month Mortality in CKD patients
Estimate mortality in patients with stage IV or V chronic kidney disease.
Vancomycin Dosing Based on eGFR (creatinine-cystatin C)
Select an appropriate initial dose and interval for vancomycin taking into account renal function using cystatin C & creatinine
Fluids & Electrolytes
Anion Gap
Calculate anion gap for use in acid-base disorders.
Henderson-Hasselbalch
Osmolal Gap
Detect unmeasured osmoles, such as toxic alcohols
Transtubular K Gradient
Workup hypokalemia and hyperkalemia
Water Deficit in Hypernatremia
Determine water replacement in hypernatremia
Volume of Distribution of Urea
Calcium Correction for Hypoalbuminemia
Adjust serum calcium in the setting of low albumin.
Total Body Water (Watson Formula)
Corrected Sodium in Hyperglycemia
As used in the new MELD score, to correct Na in the setting of hyperglycemia
Base Excess
Used in assessing acid-base status
Urine Anion Gap or Urine Net Charge
Use urine electrolytes to differentiate renal tubular acidosis from diarrhea-induced non-anion gap metabolic acidosis
Glomerulonephritis
Membranous Prognosis
Estimate risk of progressive renal dysfunction in membranous nephropathy
SLEDAI-2K
Assess disease activity in lupus
Hemodialysis
Access Recirculation
Kt/V from PRU
Kt/V Daugirdas
6-Month Mortality on HD
Estimate 6 month mortality on dialysis using the Cohen model
Home HD Candidacy (MATCH-D)
Assess candidacy for home hemodialysis
Percent Reduction of Urea
Phenytoin Adjustment in Renal Failure
3-Month Mortality in Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Estimate the risk of early death (at 3 months) in elderly patients starting dialysis.
Predicting 3 Year Survival for Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Determine appropriateness for transplant referral in elderly patients starting dialysis
Dialysis Duration Needed for Methanol Ingestion
Estimate dialysis duration required for methanol poisoning
Dialysis Duration Needed for Ethylene Glycol Ingestion
Estimate dialysis duration required for ethylene glycol poisoning
Predicting 3 Year Survival for Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Determine appropriateness for transplant referral in elderly patients starting dialysis
Hypertension
REFERENCE BOOK
Screening for Hypertension | CTFPHC
Summary
Clinician Summary
Recommendations (PDF)
link ⇲
Systematic Review
link ⇲
Tools/Resources
Clinician Algorithm (PDF)
link ⇲
Nephrolithiasis
ROKS - Recurrence Of Kidney Stone (2014)
Predict risk of recurrent kidney stones
PD
PD Candidacy (MATCH-D)
Assess candidacy for peritoneal dialysis
3-Month Mortality in Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Estimate the risk of early death (at 3 months) in elderly patients starting dialysis.
Predicting 3 Year Survival for Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Determine appropriateness for transplant referral in elderly patients starting dialysis
Predicting 3 Year Survival for Incident Elderly ESRD Patients
Determine appropriateness for transplant referral in elderly patients starting dialysis
REFERENCE BOOK
Access Care and Complications Management
Sponsored
Overview
Disclaimer & Use of the Guide
Catheter Insertion and Care
Preoperative Management
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Perioperative and Intraoperative Management
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Postoperative Management
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Chronic Care of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Noninfectious Complications
Pericatheter and Subcutaneous Leaks
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Management
References
Peritoneal Catheter Obstruction
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Hernia
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Abdominal Discomfort During Infusion and Drain
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Pneumoperitoneum (Shoulder Pain)
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Hemoperitoneum
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Hydrothorax
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Catheter Adapter Disconnect or Fracture of Peritoneal Catheter
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
References
Infectious Complications: Peritonitis Management
Initial Empiric Management of Peritonitis
Introduction
Key Assessments
Key Activities
Patient Education
Outcomes Evaluation
Initial Empiric Management of Peritonitis
Staphyloccocus aureus Peritonitis
Enterococcus Peritonitis
Streptococcus Peritonitis