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Loss of renal cortex is considered a feature of CKD, and is often sought as a specific diagnostic sign of CKD. Kidney size is most often evaluated by ultrasound. In a study of 665 normal volunteers,69 median renal lengths were 11.2 cm on
| Markers | AKD | CKD |
|---|---|---|
| Pathology | X | X |
| Urinary markers | ||
| RBC/casts | X | X |
| WBC/casts | X | X |
| RTE/casts | X | X |
| Fine and coarse granular casts | X | X |
| Proteinuria | X | X |
| Blood markers (tubular syndromes) | X | X |
| Imaging | ||
| Large kidneys | X | X |
| Small kidneys | - | X |
| Size discrepancy | - | X |
| Hydronephrosis | X | X |
| Cysts | X | X |
| Stones | X | X |
| History of kidney transplantation | - | X |
Kidney damage is not required for diagnosis of AKI. In the presence of AKI, findings of kidney damage do not indicate a separate diagnosis of AKD.
AKD, acute kidney diseases and disorders; CKD, chronic kidney disease; RBC, red blood cells; RTE, renal tubular epithelial cells; WBC, white blood cells.
| Diagnosis | Measure | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GFR/SCr | Oliguria | Kidney damage | Small kidneys | |
| AKI | X | X | ||
| AKD | X | X | ||
| CKD | X | X | X | X |
X indicates that the measures can contribute to the diagnosis indicated.
AKD, acute kidney diseases and disorders; AKI, acute kidney injury; CKD, chronic kidney disease.
the left side and 10.9 cm on the right side. Renal size decreased with age, almost entirely because of parenchymal reduction. The lowest 10th percentiles for length of the left and right kidney were approximately 10.5 and 10.0 cm, respectively, at age 30 years, and 9.5 and 9.0 cm, respectively, at age 70 years.
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